Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英譯漢)

　　This section consists of two parts, Part A - "Compulsory Translation" and Part B - "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" and write your translations on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes).

　　Part A Compulsory Translation (必譯題)（30 points）

　　The Dreadlock Deadlock

　　In the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedEx's hub in Indianapolis to take over a delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the country's largest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. "I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people," says Polk, now 31, "and that gave me these spiritual questions." His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring Lord Jamal, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks - the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.

　　Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sports thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. "Your hair is your covenant," he says. "Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path."

　　Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Express's grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to "a reasonable style." After years of deliberation, Polk's bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.

　　His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called "African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies," puts it, "There's a divinity to these locks."

　　Divine or not, some employers consider them unacceptably outré. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and New York's attorney general have also charged FedEx with violating religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.

　　The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isn't enough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC also wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. He's optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.

　　Part B Choice of Two Translations (二選一題)（30 points）

　　Topic 1 (選題一)

　　Eurasians: The New Face of Asia

　　Fusion is in, not only as an abstract fashion concept, but in that most grounded of realities: mixed-blood people who walk, talk, and produce even more multiracial progeny. Most strange of all, these hybrids are finding themselves hailed as role models for vast masses in Asia with no mixed blood at all. "When I think of Asia, I don't necessarily think of people who look like me," says Declan Wong, a Chinese-Dutch-American actor and producer, "But somehow we've become the face that sells the new Asia."

　　So maybe Asia's Eurasian craze is driven by the theories of that whitest of white men, economist Adam Smith. As the world gets smaller, we look for a global marketing mien, a one-size-fits-all face that helps us sell Nokia cell phones and Palmolive shampoo across the world.

　　"For any business, you can't think locally anymore," says Paul Lau, general manager at Elite Model Management in Hong Kong, who has built up a stable of Eurasians for his internationally minded clients. "At the very least, you need to think regionally. Ideally, you should think globally." A global image helps sell products, even if no one but Filipinos would ever want to buy duck-fetus eggs or Thais the most pungent variety of shrimp paste. Yanto Zainal, president of Macs909, a boutique ad agency in Jakarta, used all indos for a campaign for the local Matahari department store chain. "The store wanted to promote a more cosmopolitan image," he says. "Indos have an international look but can still be accepted as Indonesian."

　　Channel V, the Asia-wide music television channel, was one of the first to broadcast the message of homogenized hybridism. "We needed a messenger that would fit in from Tokyo to the Middle East." Says Jonnifer Seeto, regional sales marketing manager for the channel, which began beaming its border-busting images in 1994. Star Veejay Asha Gill personifies the global look. When asked what her ethnic heritage is, Gill, a Malaysian citizen, simply shrugs. "Oh, who knows," she says. "I'm half Punjabi, mixed with some English, a little French and dribs and drabs of God knows what else." The 29-year-old speaks crisp British English, fluent Malay, and a smidgen of Punjabi. She grew up in a Kuala Lumpur neighborhood that was mostly Chinese, attended an English-speaking school and was pals with Malay and Indian kids. Gill's Channel V show, broadcast in English, has a strong following in Malaysia, Japan and the United Arab Emirates. "I'm Hitler's worst nightmare," she says. "My ethnicity and profession make me a global person who can't be defined in just one category."

　　Topic 2 (選題二)

　　Matter

　　Look at all the things around us: chairs, desks, cupboards, papers and pens in our classroom; motor cars, bicycles and buses in the streets; trees, plants and animals in the countryside; birds, aeroplanes and clouds in the sky; fishes, seaweeds and corals in the sea; stars, the moon and the sun in outer space. These and all other things including the human body, are examples of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.

　　What is Matter Made of?

　　Since ancient times, learned men or philosophers have thought about matter and what it is made up of. One group of philosophers thought that matter was made up of a substance called "hyle" (實(shí)質(zhì)). Another group of philosophers said that matter was made up of four substances, namely earth, water, air and fire. A third group believed that matter was made up of very tiny particles which were too small to be seen. These particles were so small that they could never be further divided into smaller particles. They gave the particles the name atoms which means "those which cannot be divided." The difference between the various kinds of atoms and the ways in which they were joined were supposed to result in the different kinds of matter.

　　All these ideas arose purely from the mind and were not based on investigation. For many years, people believed in the second idea. But actually it is the third idea that is nearer to our present concept of matter.

　　Dalton's Atomic Theory

　　In the early nineteenth century, Dalton, an English school teacher, stated in this atomic theory that matter was made up of tiny, indivisible particles, which he also called atoms. His laboratory work showed him that atoms could neither be divided into smaller parts nor could they be destroyed. He pictured matter as being made up of tiny solid spherical atoms. Today the idea of the atoms has been accepted. But further work has shown that contrary to Dalton's findings, atoms are made up of even smaller particles.

　　Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (漢譯英)

　　This section consists of two parts, Part A —— "Compulsory Translation" and Part B - "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" and write your translations on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points, 80 minutes).

　　Part A Compulsory Translation (必譯題)（20 points）

　　中國(guó)政府高度重視人口與發(fā)展問題，將人口與發(fā)展問題作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展總體規(guī)劃的重要組成部分列入議事日程，始終強(qiáng)調(diào)人口增長(zhǎng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展相適應(yīng)，與資源利用和環(huán)境保護(hù)相協(xié)調(diào)。二十世紀(jì)九十年代以來，中央政府每年召開一次關(guān)于人口與發(fā)展問題的座談會(huì)，研究分析重大問題，制定重大決策和措施。國(guó)家組織、協(xié)調(diào)有關(guān)部門和群眾團(tuán)體共同實(shí)施人口與計(jì)劃生育方案，將計(jì)劃生育與發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、消除貧困、保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境、合理利用資源、普及文化教育、發(fā)展衛(wèi)生事業(yè)、完善社會(huì)保障、提高婦女地位等緊密結(jié)合起來，努力從根本上解決中國(guó)的人口與發(fā)展問題。

　　Part B Choice of Two Translations (二選一題) （20 points）

　　Topic 1 (選題一)

　　中國(guó)畫

　　中國(guó)畫與中醫(yī)、京劇在一起，被譽(yù)為中國(guó)的"三大國(guó)粹。"按內(nèi)容分，主要有人物畫、山水畫、花鳥畫三大類。

　　戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)，中國(guó)就以有比較成熟的人物畫，唐代達(dá)到頂峰。的人物畫家有顧愷之、吳道子等。山水畫產(chǎn)生于秦代，宋代達(dá)到很高水平。的山水畫家有唐代李思訓(xùn)、王維和明代唐寅等�；�鳥畫畫的是自然界中的花卉、鳥獸、魚蟲。南北朝時(shí)出現(xiàn)了花鳥畫，宋代走向成熟�；�鳥畫家有擅長(zhǎng)畫花鳥的朱耷，擅長(zhǎng)畫竹子的鄭燮、擅長(zhǎng)畫魚蝦的齊白石。

　　按畫法分，中國(guó)畫主要有工筆畫和寫意畫。工筆畫的特點(diǎn)是按照事物原來的樣子，一筆一筆畫得非常細(xì)致，尤其注重細(xì)節(jié)的描繪；寫意畫是一種夸張的畫法，要求用簡(jiǎn)單的筆墨畫出事物的神韻，雖然筆墨簡(jiǎn)單，但意趣生動(dòng)，表現(xiàn)力很強(qiáng)。

　　Topic 2 (選題二)

　　中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的宗旨與原則

　　中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展宗旨是：探索外層空間，擴(kuò)展對(duì)宇宙和地球的認(rèn)識(shí)；和平利用外層空間，促進(jìn)人類文明和社會(huì)發(fā)展，造福全人類；滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、國(guó)家安全、科技發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步等方面日益增長(zhǎng)的需要，維護(hù)國(guó)家利益，增強(qiáng)綜合國(guó)力。

　　中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展原則是：

　　堅(jiān)持長(zhǎng)期、穩(wěn)定、持續(xù)的發(fā)展方針，使航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展服從和服務(wù)于國(guó)家整體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略；

　　堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主、自力更生、自主創(chuàng)新，積極推進(jìn)國(guó)家交流與合作；

　　根據(jù)國(guó)情和國(guó)力，選擇有限目標(biāo)，重點(diǎn)突破；

　　提高航天活動(dòng)的社會(huì)效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，重視技術(shù)進(jìn)步的推動(dòng)力；

　　堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合、天地結(jié)合、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。