【#英語資源# #職場英語：工作是怎么影響你的健康——還有體重的？#】當(dāng)我們想要改善健康狀況時(shí)，我們大多數(shù)人都會(huì)關(guān)注常見的一點(diǎn)。常聽到的是飲食、鍛煉和睡眠。但在你努力變得更健康的過程中，還有一個(gè)重要因素你應(yīng)該考慮：你的工作。以下內(nèi)容由©無憂考網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，歡迎閱讀參考！更多相關(guān)訊息請(qǐng)關(guān)注©無憂考網(wǎng)！

Research suggests that if you work in a toxic environment, your health can suffer. For example, one study published in 2010 found that being the target of workplace bullying was linked to higher stress and anxiety. In turn, increased levels of stress and anxiety can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes.

研究表明，如果你在一個(gè)有毒的環(huán)境中工作，你的健康會(huì)受到影響。例如，2010年發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，成為職場欺凌的目標(biāo)與更大的壓力和焦慮有關(guān)。反過來，壓力和焦慮的增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致慢性炎癥疾病，如高血壓、心臟病、肥胖和糖尿病。



Having a bad boss can also be hazardous to your health. One Swedish study found that employees who rated their bosses poorly on leadership behaviors — like consideration, providing adequate information, showing empathy, and communicating adequate praise — were more likely to experience heart attacks.

有一個(gè)壞老板也會(huì)危害你的健康。瑞典的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為（如考慮、提供足夠的信息、表現(xiàn)出同理心、表達(dá)充分的表揚(yáng)）上給老板打分較低的員工更容易患心臟病。



While the people you work with can have either a positive or negative impact on your health, so can your job itself. For example, a 10-year study of female workers found that women who experienced high job strain — defined as having both high demands and low control on the job — had a 38% increased chance of suffering cardiovascular disease compared to those with low job strain. And another found that individuals who worked 55 or more hours per week were more likely to develop heart disease or suffer from a stroke compared to those who worked fewer hours.

雖然和你一起工作的人對(duì)你的健康會(huì)有積極或消極的影響，但是你的工作本身也會(huì)有積極或消極的影響。例如，一項(xiàng)針對(duì)女性員工的10年研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與工作壓力較低的女性相比，有較高工作壓力的女性患心血管疾病的幾率要高出38%。另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每周工作55小時(shí)或更長時(shí)間的人比工作時(shí)間更短的人更容易患心臟病或中風(fēng)。



Your job can also be hazardous to your waistline

你的工作也會(huì)對(duì)你的腰圍有害



In addition to increasing your risk for various health issues, research suggests that your job may also affect your weight.

研究表明，除了增加各種健康問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)外，你的工作也可能影響你的體重。



A survey conducted by Careerbuilder found that 44% of US workers reported gaining weight on their current jobs. While there is some question about whether or not desk jobs are to blame, research suggests that job stress and fatigue can definitely have a negative impact.

凱業(yè)必達(dá)公司進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，44%的美國員工稱自己在目前的工作中體重增加了。雖然有一些關(guān)于是否應(yīng)該指責(zé)辦公桌工作的問題，但研究表明，工作壓力和疲勞肯定會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。



For example, a study published in 2010 showed chronic stress on the job was linked to higher Body Mass Index. Similar findings were found in a sample of women: Those who worked more than 49 hours per week reported the greatest weight gain.

例如，2010年發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，長期工作壓力與較高的體重指數(shù)有關(guān)。在一個(gè)女性樣本中也發(fā)現(xiàn)了類似的發(fā)現(xiàn)：每周工作超過49小時(shí)的人報(bào)告的體重增加最多。



So, is your job itself responsible for poorer health outcomes, or is some other factor at play?

那么，是你的工作本身導(dǎo)致了更糟糕的健康狀況，還是有其他因素在起作用？



While it might be nice to be able to blame your manager for the number on your scale, it's likely that stress is the underlying culprit. And when you experience a difficult boss, strained relationships, long hours, or other pressures at work, it can affect you in a number of ways.

雖然你可以把你的體重指數(shù)歸咎于你的經(jīng)理是件好事，但壓力很可能是潛在的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住．?dāng)你在工作中遇到困難的老板、緊張的關(guān)系、長時(shí)間的工作或其他壓力時(shí)，它會(huì)在很多方面影響你。



First, many of us are prone to engage in emotional eating when stressed, and most of us don't reach for apples and salad. Instead, we tend to opt for sugary and/or fatty foods.

首先，我們很多人在壓力大的時(shí)候傾向于情緒化進(jìn)食，而且我們大多數(shù)人都不吃蘋果和沙拉。相反，我們傾向于選擇含糖和/或高脂肪的食物。



While emotional eating in and of itself could be enough to cause weight gain, we also may be subject to stress-induced hormonal changes. For instance one study of women found that increased stress was linked to a lower metabolism and less fat burning.

雖然情緒化進(jìn)食本身就足以導(dǎo)致體重增加，但我們也可能受到壓力導(dǎo)致的荷爾蒙變化的影響。例如，一項(xiàng)針對(duì)女性的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，壓力增加與新陳代謝降低和脂肪燃燒減少有關(guān)。



Finally, when you are working long hours, you tend to have less time to spend on self-care and weight management.

最后，當(dāng)你長時(shí)間工作的時(shí)候，你在自我照顧和體重管理上的時(shí)間會(huì)更少。



After all, once you've spent 10+ hours working hard, are you more likely to want to go to the gym or to crash on the couch to watch television? A study of obese Korean workers seems to support the latter, as the researchers found that the employees who worked 40-49 hours per week were 2.4 times more likely to engage in behaviors to control their weight compared to those who worked 60+ hours per week.

畢竟，一旦你花了10多個(gè)小時(shí)努力工作，你是更愿意去健身房，還是更愿意躺在沙發(fā)上看電視？一項(xiàng)針對(duì)韓國肥胖員工的研究似乎支持后者，因?yàn)檠芯咳藛T發(fā)現(xiàn)，每周工作40-49小時(shí)的員工與每周工作60小時(shí)以上的員工相比，有2.4倍的可能參與控制體重的行為。



What can you do about it?

你能做些什么？



Although I've painted a pretty dire picture, there are things you can do to take control. Here are three suggestions to help you prevent your job from making you gain weight:

雖然我繪制了一幅很可怕的圖畫，但是你可以做一些事情加以控制。這里有三條建議可以幫助你工作肥胖：



1. Do what you can to manage your current stressors

1. 盡你所能管理當(dāng)前的壓力源



While you may not be able to do something about all of your work stressors, you can empower yourself by managing the ones over which you do have some control. To manage your workload, talk to your boss, or find ways to improve your productivity. Learn constructive ways to deal with conflict with your co-workers. Give yourself an opportunity to recharge during the day by taking breaks. By decreasing the amount of stress you experience at work, you'll be taking a stand for improving your health.

雖然你可能無法解決所有的工作壓力源，但你可以通過管理那些你可以控制的壓力源來增強(qiáng)自己。管理你的工作量，和你的老板談?wù)�，或者想辦法提高你的效率。學(xué)習(xí)建設(shè)性的方法來處理與同事的矛盾。給自己一個(gè)休息的機(jī)會(huì)來給自己充電。通過減少你工作中感受到的壓力，你就能改善你的健康狀況。



2. Prepare your meals ahead of time

2. 提前準(zhǔn)備飯菜



If you want to avoid putting yourself in a position in which you have to decide what to eat while your defenses are down, make the effort to prepare your meals ahead of time. And while you're at it, stock your desk with healthy snacks so you'll be less tempted to make a run for the vending machine when you need a mid-afternoon pick-me-up. The easier you make it for yourself to engage in healthy behaviors, the greater your odds will be of turning those behaviors into long-term habits.

如果你不想讓自己處于這樣的境地：你必須在防御能力下降的時(shí)候決定吃什么，那就努力提前準(zhǔn)備食物。當(dāng)你在吃的時(shí)候，在桌子上放一些健康的零食，這樣你就不會(huì)在下午需要提神的時(shí)候跑去自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)了。你越容易做出健康的行為，你就越有可能把這些行為變成長期的習(xí)慣。



3. Place a higher priority on self-care.

3. 把自我照顧放在更高的優(yōu)先位置。



Recognize that taking time for yourself isn't a luxury — it's a necessity for maintaining your psychological and physical health. Although you might be committed to your job, the truth is, you're simply not as effective at it if you're anxious or tired. So, make a promise to yourself to get enough sleep and to fit in some exercise a few times a week (even if it's going for a walk during your lunch break).

認(rèn)識(shí)到為自己花時(shí)間并不奢侈——它是保持你的心理和身體健康的必需品。盡管你可能對(duì)自己的工作很投入，但事實(shí)是，如果你感到焦慮或疲勞，你的工作效率就會(huì)下降。所以，你要對(duì)自己做出承諾，保證自己有足夠的睡眠，每周進(jìn)行幾次鍛煉（即使是在午休時(shí)間去散步）。



Not only will you feel better, you'll likely find that the quality of your work improves.

你不僅會(huì)感覺更好，你還會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的工作質(zhì)量提高了。