仔細(xì)研讀有關(guān)的樣題目，我們便會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)新托福的口語(yǔ)考試側(cè)重考查考生的三種能力：描述能力，議論能力和虛擬場(chǎng)景下的交流能力。在整個(gè)口語(yǔ)試題的6個(gè)section中，一般會(huì)有兩個(gè)section要求對(duì)某一指定話題進(jìn)行描述，比如：
Describe a movie which you adore. In your response, you should
· describe the most appealing part of the movie
· explain why you love the movie, and had you been the director, how you could make it even more inviting
而同時(shí)會(huì)有另外的兩個(gè)section用來(lái)側(cè)重考查考生就某一話題發(fā)表見(jiàn)解、展開(kāi)議論的能力。這一部分的考查往往在試題的問(wèn)法和所涉及的題材方面或多或少地有些類似于傳統(tǒng)托福的作文部分(TWE)。比如：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? “The cyberspace is harmful to human communication. Obsessive indulgence with the Internet makes people less and less sociable.” Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
除此之外，還有另外的兩個(gè)section，側(cè)重于考查虛擬場(chǎng)景下的口語(yǔ)交流能力。比如考生將先聽(tīng)到一段模擬課堂presentation的聽(tīng)力材料，在充分理解材料內(nèi)容的條件下回答有關(guān)的問(wèn)題，或考生將先閱讀一篇中等長(zhǎng)度的文章，然后對(duì)文章內(nèi)容做出復(fù)述或評(píng)價(jià)。在這兩個(gè)部分中，新托福的題型更為全面地體現(xiàn)了聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫四種基本技能的彼此貫通和相互交融。
由于對(duì)考生來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣的口語(yǔ)考試具有相當(dāng)?shù)奶魬?zhàn)性，所以我們必須做充分而有針對(duì)性的考前準(zhǔn)備，才能在口語(yǔ)部分的考試中有所作為。建議大家在準(zhǔn)備過(guò)程中，可注重在如下的兩個(gè)方面多下工夫：
一、 讀音的準(zhǔn)確與流暢
可選擇速度適中的聽(tīng)力材料反復(fù)跟讀，糾正發(fā)音，這是準(zhǔn)備口語(yǔ)考試不可間斷的每日練習(xí)。同時(shí)建議大家做到如下幾點(diǎn)：
1) 多與英美籍的外教交流，請(qǐng)他指出自己發(fā)音存在的問(wèn)題，如某些元音不到位、某些輔音含混不清，以及句子的語(yǔ)調(diào)等，請(qǐng)他反復(fù)矯正，自己針對(duì)弱點(diǎn)，刻苦練習(xí)，直到讀準(zhǔn)為止。
2) 可選擇一本有音標(biāo)的四、六級(jí)詞匯書，好配有磁帶，反復(fù)跟讀每個(gè)單詞的讀音，請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的各種變形后的讀音和很多單詞充當(dāng)不同詞性時(shí)的重音位置。
3) 每天還要泛聽(tīng)一些成段的聽(tīng)力材料，如VOA，CNN的新聞報(bào)道、名人演講詞(尤其推薦前總統(tǒng)Bill Clinton 和前副總統(tǒng)Al Gore的演講)，細(xì)心體會(huì)講話的語(yǔ)氣和語(yǔ)流。
1.間接轉(zhuǎn)述(Indirect Speech)
口語(yǔ)復(fù)述的實(shí)質(zhì)是將聽(tīng)到的和看到的話語(yǔ)用自己的話以口頭方式再轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)出來(lái)�！爸苯右觥笔侵苯右谜f(shuō)話人的原話，而要用自己的話把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來(lái)就稱為“間接轉(zhuǎn)述”。托福口語(yǔ)考試中一般應(yīng)采用“間接轉(zhuǎn)述”的方法：針對(duì)特定問(wèn)題，用自己的話把讀到、聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話內(nèi)容或演講內(nèi)容再重復(fù)出來(lái)。對(duì)考生來(lái)說(shuō)，這當(dāng)然是一個(gè)更高層次的要求。因?yàn)�，首先要�?tīng)得懂、讀得懂別人的觀點(diǎn)，其次才能在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行加工處理，變?yōu)樽约旱恼Z(yǔ)言再陳述出準(zhǔn)確意思來(lái)。這時(shí)候，“善于把別人的東西據(jù)為己有”就不再是一個(gè)“惡劣的行徑”了。此時(shí)此刻，它將轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)極為有效的、甚至是高效的手段，以此來(lái)達(dá)到“借雞下蛋”的目的。
請(qǐng)看下面幾例：
例1：My mother said: “I'm so tired that I don't want to cook. Shall we eat out tonight?”
→My mother said that she was so tired that she didn't want to cook and she suggested that we should eat out that day.
例2：Tom said: “I've already seen the film.”
→Tom said that he had already seen the film.
間接轉(zhuǎn)述應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)規(guī)則：
⑴ 在轉(zhuǎn)述的引語(yǔ)前一般要用連詞that：(如例1、例2所示);
�、� 要根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q(如例4所示);
�、� 當(dāng)要轉(zhuǎn)述的言語(yǔ)為連貫的話語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用go on(繼續(xù))，continue(接著)，add(補(bǔ)充)等，以及各種引述動(dòng)詞，如：note(指明)，remark(談及)
�、� 間接轉(zhuǎn)述不是重復(fù)原話，因此，時(shí)態(tài)要有所變動(dòng)。一般來(lái)講，現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)。指示代詞、地點(diǎn)及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也要作必要改動(dòng)。這種改動(dòng)大致可參照下表進(jìn)行。
在直接引語(yǔ)中
在間接引語(yǔ)中
指示代詞
this (place)
these (places) that (place)
those (places)
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
now
today, tonight
this week (month, etc.)
yesterday
last week (month, etc.)
two days (a year, etc. ) ago
tomorrow
next week (month, etc.) then
that day, that night
that week (month, etc.)
the day before, the previous day
the week (month, etc.) before
two days (a year, etc.) before (earlier)
the next (following) day
the next (following) week (month, etc.)
表地點(diǎn)的詞
here there
動(dòng)詞
come, bring go, take
2.釋義、意譯(Paraphrasing)
Paraphrase (to express in a shorter or clearer way what someone has written or said) 就是用你所知道的，或者對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)較容易的詞匯、短語(yǔ)、以及語(yǔ)法去解釋那些較為難懂的語(yǔ)句。
3.概述(Summarizing)
Summarize (to make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, event, report, etc.) 就是用簡(jiǎn)練話語(yǔ)概括描述一篇材料的中心思想。
新托�？谡Z(yǔ)考試的聽(tīng)、讀材料都不長(zhǎng)，三言兩語(yǔ)即可概括全文的中心意思，沒(méi)必要長(zhǎng)篇大論。當(dāng)然，時(shí)間也不允許這樣做。所以，高度概括的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力是順利通過(guò)托�？谡Z(yǔ)考試的法寶之一。
1. The artist's work pushes our civilization to a higher level.
改進(jìn)：Artists' work upgrades our civilization.
2. For example, you work in a big factory.
改進(jìn): Suppose you work in a big factory.
3. You'll find you are fit for business and you can make it your main job.
改進(jìn)：You'll find that you are cut out for business and you can make it your career.
4. We will own nothing at all if we depend on luck.
改進(jìn): We will get nowhere if we rely on luck.
5. He will get a higher salary to improve his living level.
改進(jìn): He will get a higher salary, thus improving his life.
6. Their brain is still very young.
改進(jìn): They are still immature.
7. Dissatisfaction makes people produce desire for better things.
改進(jìn): Dissatisfaction impels people for the better.
8. They can't analyze clearly what is right and what is wrong.
改進(jìn): They cannot tell right from wrong.
9. It will help children to form a good habit of dealing with time.
改進(jìn): It will help children learn to make good use of time.
10. Though it is not the best job, it afford to his life.
改進(jìn): Though it is not the best job, a job is a job. He can make ends meet with it.
11. Since people are always not satisfied with their present situation, they want further development.
改進(jìn): Since people are never satisfied with their status quo, they want further development.
12. The only thing they need to do is to find a job which can easily get big money.
改進(jìn): The only thing they need to do is to find a job that can bring them big money.
13. They like an active life but not a peaceful life.
改進(jìn): They like an active life rather than a peaceful one.
14. Some cigarettes may even cost a larger sum of money.
改進(jìn): Some cigarettes may cost even more.
15. Firstly, dissatisfaction encourages the discovery of new products.
改進(jìn): Firstly, dissatisfaction encourages the invention of new products.
16. Insgroupsto suit the needs of enteringsintoswork, students must grasp some technical skills.
改進(jìn): Insgroupsto meet the needs of future work, students must learn some practical skills.
17. It is very necessary more qualified scientists and technicians.
改進(jìn): Qualified scientists and technicians are in great demand.
18. This knowledge will become a part of your body.
改進(jìn): This knowledge will become part of you.
19. They cannot think clearly.
改進(jìn): They cannot think straight.
20. Money can improve their living standard.
改進(jìn): Money can improve their life.
21. Parents always think that children will get a good job and earn a lot of money.
改進(jìn): Parents always expect their children to get a good job and earn a lot of money.
22. If a student only cares about money, will lead to be unhappy all his life.
改進(jìn): If a student only cares about money, he will be misled and will be unhappy all his life.
23. One purpose of education is to study the way in which he studies later.
改進(jìn): One purpose of education is to learn to learn.
24. Many parents arrange their children go to learn piano.
改進(jìn): Many parents send their children to piano classes.
25. When I want to absorb somebody else's opinion, I will study with others.
改進(jìn): When I need second opinion, I will study with others.
