寫作里有一個說法是“鳳首、豬肚、豹尾”,即是說“起要引人入勝,中要言之有物,結(jié)要耐人尋味”。今天咱們就來聊一聊如何可以不用有過多“干貨”也可以寫創(chuàng)造出托福獨立寫作的“鳳首”,畢竟,這時每個考生都有可能通過短期努力達到的。
首先,引人入勝并不代表要一定用華麗的辭藻、連篇累牘的復(fù)雜句式、適合的社會現(xiàn)象、或深刻的相關(guān)知識。在寫作時,不論是開門見山還是娓娓道來,只要講基本文字功打扎實,千錘百煉,把握好一個“度”字,依然可以寫出清新亮眼的開頭來。我們首先來看一下這道題:
People who have learnt many different skills are more likely to succeed than those who focus on learning only one skill.
學(xué)習(xí)多種不同技能的人比專精一項技術(shù)的人更容易取得成功。
大家先看一個干凈利落的開頭:
Before entering the workforce, everyone will be confronted with an inevitable question: do you prefer to be an expert of one skill or a complex talent of many skills? In terms of achieving success, I firmly believe that learning many different skills are more likely to ensure success than focusing on one skill.
這個開頭短短五十來字,怎么看都只不過把題目拆開了來自問自答,它好在了哪里?有時候,最為珍貴的寶石看起來也就不一定耀眼奪目。我們來仔細分析一下。
首先看詞匯:be confronted with, inevitable, complex talent, in terms of, ensure. 這些鑲嵌在兩個句子當中的詞匯可謂字字珠璣,一下滿足了用詞準確和地道兩個評分要求。有了這些,評卷老師那被“meet, face, wide, when it comes to”弄的昏昏欲睡的雙眼就會突然一亮。
接著看句型:兩個從句加一個問句嵌套,簡單高效的表達自己的觀點,問句又起到了推波助瀾的作用,是觀點顯得更加篤定。
最后我們看一下邏輯:第一句話是暗含乾坤的,體現(xiàn)邏輯的縝密。一個before將skill和success的關(guān)系給理所當然的引出,精煉。
由此可以看出,簡短的開頭不見的就一定沒聊,哪怕是像該例這種開門見山的寫法,也一樣可以適時展示出積累和磨練來的句型和地道表達,在這狹窄的50多字的舞臺上放出異彩,引出觀點。所以,一定不要質(zhì)疑句型練習(xí)的作用。
我們再看一道題目:It is better to take a secure job with low pay than to take a job with high pay but is easy to lose.可以用這樣的開頭段來詮釋常用句型和詞匯所能達到的較高境界:
If you ask a hundred people about their preferences regarding the security of a job and the financial returns, you are bound to receive more than one type of answer. A young man might choose high pay over security, whereas a 35 year old woman with a family might decide that a secure job with low pay is a better choice. As for me, I strongly agree that it’s not necessarily better to take a secure job with low pay than to take an unstable job with high pay.
仔細分析會發(fā)現(xiàn),這個開頭其實也沒有加入任何社會現(xiàn)象或相關(guān)的背景,甚至沒有任何相關(guān)的知識點。從內(nèi)容上說,它只做了一件事:就是把問題中的觀點具象成兩個人,然后用非常實用的條件狀語從句來進行引導(dǎo)。結(jié)果,一個簡單抽象的對比就變?yōu)樯鷦佑腥さ膱鼍,自然而又具有可讀性。
所以,“鳳首”不一定必須要多么的高大上,也不需要大家有多么豐富的儲備。開發(fā)智慧和創(chuàng)意,用豐富的想象力和恰到好處的表達來點亮自己的開頭吧!