開頭部分
1）引出話題（IC)
When it comes to IC，some think/hold/believe...對(duì)于某話題，一些人認(rèn)為...
There is a public debate today that IC.今天關(guān)于某話題有一場(chǎng)公眾討論。
Recently，IC has been brought into focus.最近，某話題已經(jīng)成了焦點(diǎn)。
In recent years，IC has become a hot topic both on and off campus.最近，某話題成了一個(gè)校園內(nèi)外的熱點(diǎn)話題。
These days，we often hear about IC.這些天來(lái)，我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到關(guān)于某話題的消息。
Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to IC.如同一個(gè)硬幣有兩面一樣，某話題也有其積極和消極的兩個(gè)方面。
It has long been a contentious issue as to IC.某話題是很久以來(lái)的一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。
Nowadays，it is a heatedly discussed topic to many families that IC.現(xiàn)在許多家庭對(duì) 某話題討論得很熱烈。
IC has aroused much public concern in China.某話題已經(jīng)引起了中國(guó)公眾的關(guān)注。
2) 提出觀點(diǎn)（ARGUMENT)
In my opinion/Personally，ARGUMENT. 我認(rèn)為，論點(diǎn)。
From my point of view，I think/believe/hold ARGUMENT.從我的觀點(diǎn)出發(fā)，我認(rèn)為/相信/持論點(diǎn)。
My view is that ARGUMENT.我的看法是論點(diǎn)。
As for myself/ For my part, I would like to ARGUMENT.對(duì)于我自己來(lái)說(shuō)，我愿意論點(diǎn)。
My answer is ARGUMENT.我的回答是論點(diǎn)。
I cannot agree more with ARGUMENT.我非常同意論點(diǎn)。
As far as I am concerned，I would prefer to ARGUMENT.就我而言，我更愿意論點(diǎn)。
主體部分
1) 給出多條理由
First( ly)，. . . Second(ly)，. . . Third(ly)，. . . Last( ly)，...第一點(diǎn)，理由 1;第二點(diǎn)，理由2，……;第三點(diǎn)，理由3，...;最后，……
To begin with，... 首先，理由（經(jīng)常用于給出第一條理由）
First of all，...首先，理由（經(jīng)常用于給出第一條理由）
The first and most important reason is that...首先一個(gè)最重要的理由是...
On the other had...另一方面，理由（經(jīng)常用于在給出一條理由后，給出其他的理由）
Another equally important aspect is...另一個(gè)同樣重要的方面是（經(jīng)常用于在給出一條理由后，給出其他的理由）
Besides，other reasons are…除此之外，另外的理由是（經(jīng)常用于在給出一條理由后，給出其他的理由）
for one thing. . .，or another... 一方面，另一方面（給出兩條理由）
Last but not least，...最后但也很重要，（經(jīng)常用于給出最后一條理由）
2) 提出假想例子的方式
We can assume... 我們可以假定……
Let’s assume tat...假使……
Suppose that...假定
Just imagine what would be like if...如果，考慮會(huì)怎么樣
It is reasonable to expect...預(yù)計(jì)...是可能合理的
It is not surprising that. . . ……并不奇怪
3) 舉普通例子
For example (instance)，...例如，..
such as A，B，C and so on ( so forth) 如 A，B，C 等等
A good case in point is... 一個(gè)相關(guān)的很好的例子是...
A particular example for this is...對(duì)于此事一個(gè)特別的例子是，…
Consider the case of...考慮...的例子
Lets take...as an example,...讓我們以...為例，...
4) 引用
One of the greatest early writers/thinkers said... 一個(gè)偉大的作家/思想家曾說(shuō)過(guò)，
‘‘... “, such is the remark of somebody.是出自...的一句名言‘‘...”，That is how somebody comment ( criticize/ praise...)是這樣評(píng)價(jià)/批評(píng)/夸獎(jiǎng)……的：……”
“..." How often we hear such wor/s li/e there.我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到這樣的話：“...”
5) 提出原因
There are many reasons for...對(duì)于，可能有許多原因。
The answer to this problem involves many factors.這個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答可能涉及到多方面的因素。
Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves...任何對(duì)此問(wèn)題的討論都不可避免地涉及……
The first reason can be obviously seen.第一個(gè)原因是顯而易見(jiàn)的。
Most people would agree that...大多數(shù)人同意
Some people may neglect that in fact... 一些人可能忽略了事實(shí)上
Others suggest that...其他人建議
Part of the explanation is…部分的解釋原因是
6) 進(jìn)行對(duì)比
The advantages of A outweigh the advantages of B. A的優(yōu)點(diǎn)超過(guò)了 B的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
Although. . . enjoys a distinct advantage... 盡管...具有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)，但是...
Indeed，A carries much weight than B when something is concerned.就某事而目，A 的 重要性要超過(guò)B。
...maybe. . . ，but it suffers from the disadvantage that.可肯旨會(huì)，但它有一一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)……
In comparison/contrast，...比較/對(duì)比說(shuō)來(lái)，.....
7) 承上啟下
To understand the truth of. . . , it is also important to see...為了弄清楚的真相，也就需要看一下……
A study of. . . will make this point clear.對(duì)...進(jìn)行研究就會(huì)把這一點(diǎn)弄清楚。
8) 讓步
Certainly/Admittedly，B has its own advantages，such as...當(dāng)然，B 有其自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
結(jié)尾部分
In summary，…總得說(shuō)來(lái)，
In short，…概括說(shuō)來(lái)，
In brief，...概括說(shuō)來(lái)，
To sum up，...總結(jié)全文，
In conclusion，...總之
All in all，….總而言之，
On the whole，...總體說(shuō)來(lái)，
In a word，... 一言以蔽之，
On account of this，...針對(duì)于此，
From what has been discussed above，we may safely draw the conclusion that...根據(jù)上面的討論，我們就可以得出結(jié)論……
Thus，it can be concluded that...這樣，可以得出結(jié)論...
If all these factors are contemplated，therefore，I think...如果所有這些因素都考慮了進(jìn)來(lái)，我認(rèn)為……
Taking into account of all these factors，we may reach the conclusion that...考慮了這些所有的因素，我們可以得出結(jié)論……
We can conclude from the foregoing reasons and examples that...從前述理由和例子，我們可以推斷出……
Now，after close examination，it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that... 現(xiàn)在經(jīng)過(guò)了仔細(xì)研究之后，就不難得出結(jié)論……
