1. 單音節(jié)以及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞大致按以下規(guī)律變化:
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞后面直接加–er 變?yōu)楸容^級,加–est 變?yōu)榧。如?/p>
old—older—oldest high—higher—highest
(2) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個輔音字母的,則雙寫最后一個輔音字母,再加-er變?yōu)楸容^級,加 –est 變?yōu)榧。如?/p>
big—bigger—biggest thin—thinner—thinnest
(3) 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞,則將改y為 i 再加-er變?yōu)楸容^級,加 –est 變?yōu)榧墶H纾?/p>
busy—busier—busiest heavy—heavier—heaviest
(4) 以字母 e 結(jié)尾的單詞,直接加 –r 變?yōu)楸容^級,加 –st 變?yōu)榧。如?/p>
large—larger—largest free—freer—freest
2. 多音節(jié)以及某些雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞變?yōu)楸容^級或級時,則通常在其前加more變?yōu)楸容^級,加 most變?yōu)榧墶H纾?/p>
important—more important—most important
difficult—more difficult—most difficult
useful—more useful—most useful
3. 少數(shù)單音節(jié)單詞,特別是分詞形容詞,須在前面加more變?yōu)楸容^級,(the) most變?yōu)榧。如?/p>
fond—more fond—most fond
pleased—more pleased—most pleased
4. 有些單詞的比較級或級有兩種形式,如:
clever—cleverer / more clever—cleverest / most clever
able—abler / more able—ablest / most able
narrow—narrower / more narrow—narrowest / most narrow