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初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)

時(shí)間:2022-06-15 17:43:00   來源:無憂考網(wǎng)     [字體: ]

#初中二年級(jí)# #初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)#】學(xué)習(xí),是每個(gè)學(xué)生每天都在做的事情,學(xué)生們從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得大量的知識(shí),但是,如果問起他們?yōu)槭裁匆獙W(xué)習(xí)?為誰而學(xué)習(xí)?估計(jì)大多數(shù)學(xué)生都不知怎么回答,當(dāng)你問一個(gè)高材生為什么讓讀書時(shí),他也許會(huì)說為了不讓別人看不起;當(dāng)你問起一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)一般的學(xué)生,他也許會(huì)說為了不被父母責(zé)罵,也有可能會(huì)說為了不讓父母失望;當(dāng)你問起一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)不理想的學(xué)生,他有可能會(huì)說考得好可以得到父母的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)…… 祝你學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步!以下是®無憂考網(wǎng)為您整理的《初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)》,供大家學(xué)習(xí)參考。



1.初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)


1. It’s +形容詞 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事對(duì)某人來說是…的。

It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要。

It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食對(duì)我來說是很重要的.

It’s easy to do sth. 做某事是容易的。

It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案對(duì)我們來說是容易的

2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法

should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。意為"應(yīng)該......"。

should(應(yīng)當(dāng),應(yīng)該)用于所有人稱,表示勸告或建議。

eg. ---I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厲害。

---You should lie down and have a rest. 你應(yīng)該躺下,多喝水。

3. maybe與may be

(1)maybe是副詞,譯為“也許、可能”,相當(dāng)于“perhaps”。如:Maybe he can answer the question. 也許他能回答那個(gè)問題。

He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。

(2)may be中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,譯為“可能是......”。如:

He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。

She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我們的英語老師。

4. few、a few、little、a little的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系:

(1)few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞,few表示否定意義,沒有,幾乎沒有;a few表示肯定意義, 有幾個(gè)。 例如:

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友,他感覺寂寞。

There are a few eggs in the basket. 籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。

(2)little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞,little表示否定意義,沒有,幾乎沒有; a little 表示肯定意義,有一點(diǎn)兒。 例如:

There is little ink in my bottle. Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里沒有墨水了,你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎?

5. not…until 直到…(否定句) 才......,動(dòng)詞為短暫性或瞬間性動(dòng)詞。

She didn’t leave until we came.

He went shopping after he got up.

=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.

...until/till 直到......(肯定句)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.

2.初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)


1.短語動(dòng)詞小結(jié)

常見動(dòng)詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種:

(1)動(dòng)詞+副詞 如:give up 放棄;turn off 關(guān)掉;stay up 熬夜

這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,如果其賓語是代詞,就必須放在動(dòng)

詞和副詞之間,如果是名詞,則既可插在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間,也可放

在短語動(dòng)詞后。

(2)動(dòng)詞+介詞 如:listen of 聽;look at 看;belong to 屬于

這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,后面跟賓語。

(3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 如:come up with 提出,想出; run out of 用完,耗盡

(4)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞 如:take part in參加;catch hold of 抓住

2. each 每個(gè),各自的,強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的個(gè)別情況,常與of 連用

every 每個(gè),每一個(gè)的,一切的,有“全體”的意思不能與of 連用

3. help sb. (to) do 幫助某人做某事 help him (to) study

help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 help him with English

help do 幫助做某事 help study

4. spend...doing... 花費(fèi)…做…

I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的時(shí)間去參觀北京。

spend… on sth. 花費(fèi)…在… I spent 3 years on English.

5. join 參加 (指參加團(tuán)體、組織) 如:join the Party 入黨

take part in 參加 (指參加活動(dòng)) 如:take part in sports meeting 參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)

6. run out 與 run out of

(1)run out (become used up). 其主語往往為物。如時(shí)間,食物,金錢,油等,本身就含有被動(dòng)意義。

His money soon ran out. 他的錢很快就花光了。

Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時(shí)間不多了。

(2)run out of 主語為人,表示主動(dòng)含義。

He is always running out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。

兩者在一定條件下可以互換

如:The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol.

Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時(shí)間不多了。= We are running out of time.

7. work out

(1)結(jié)局,結(jié)果為

The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個(gè)策略效果很好。

(2)算出,制訂出,消耗完(精力等)

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費(fèi)用。

8. hang out 閑蕩 閑逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購物中心閑蕩。

9. be able to do 能,會(huì)

be unable to do 不能,不會(huì)

10. for sure 確實(shí)如此,毫無疑問

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你沒有錢,這是毫無疑問的。

3.初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)


一、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成的注意要點(diǎn)

1)動(dòng)詞以單個(gè)e 結(jié)尾去掉e, 加ing,如:

love _loving

argue _ arguing

2)動(dòng)詞以 —ee結(jié)尾直接加ing,如:

agree_ agreeing

see _ seeing

3)動(dòng)詞為單音節(jié):以單一元音字母 + 單一輔音字母結(jié)尾輔音字母雙寫,再加ing,如:

hit _ hitting

run _running

4)動(dòng)詞為雙音節(jié)或者多音節(jié):最后一個(gè)音節(jié)為重讀音節(jié),以單一元音字母 + 單一輔音字母結(jié)尾輔音字母雙寫,再加ing,如:

begin__ beginning

admit__ admitting

5)以 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加ing,如:

carry __carrying

enjoy__enjoying

二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定式、否定式、疑問式及簡(jiǎn)略回答。

1)肯定式:be+v-ing

She is singing in the next room.

2)否定式:be+not+v-ing

The students aren’t cleaning the room.

3)一般問句:be動(dòng)詞提前。

肯定答語Yes,主語+be。

否定答語No,主語+be not。

Are you playing the computer game? Yes, I am. /No, I am not.

4)特殊問句:對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行提問的:What+be +主語+doing+其他?

What is the old man doing under the tree?

對(duì)其他成份進(jìn)行提問的,疑問詞+一般疑問句?

4.初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)


賓語從句

1.語序

無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句,賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序,即“主句+連詞+賓語從句(主語+謂語+……)”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分,可分為以下四種:

(1)連接詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有: who, what, which等。如:

Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎?

The small children don't know what is in their stockings.這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西。

I don't know which belongs to my father.

(2)連接詞+名詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有:whose, what, which, how many, how much等。如:

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他問我們班上誰的書法。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老師問我們房間里有多少人。

(3)連接詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有:who(m), what, which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分)。如:

He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎?

(4)連接詞+名詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有:what, which, how many, how much, how等。如:

Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎?

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。

2.連接詞

(1)當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語從句時(shí),用that引導(dǎo),that無詞義,在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如:

He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。

(2)當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時(shí),用if或whether引導(dǎo),意為“是否”。如:

I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.

但在下列情況下只能用whether:

①在具有選擇意義,又有or或or not時(shí),尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí),往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如:

Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whethe or not he will come)

I don't know whether/if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)

I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.

②在介詞之后用whether。如:

I'm interested in whether he likes English.我關(guān)心的`是他是否喜歡英語。

We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。

③在不定式前用whether。如:

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。

I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。

whether置于句首時(shí),不能換用if。如:

Whether this is true or not, I can't say.這是否真的我說不上來。

引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時(shí)宜用whether。如:

Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能來還是個(gè)問題。

The question is whether we can catch the bus.問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。

若用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí),則用whether。如:

Please let me know if you like the book.可理解為:a. Please let me know whether you like the book.請(qǐng)告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。B. If you like the book, please let me know.你如果喜歡這本書,請(qǐng)告訴我。

(3)如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。如:

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?

5.初二下冊(cè)英語期末考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)


【重點(diǎn)短語】

1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事

2. as soon as ... 一……就…....

3. once upon a time 從前

4. continue to do sth. 繼續(xù)做某事

5. make sth. happen 使某事發(fā)生

6.try to do sth. 努力做某事

7. the journey to sp. ......之旅

8. tell the/a story 講故事

9. put on 穿

10. a little bit 有點(diǎn)兒

11. keep doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做某事

12. give up 放棄

13. instead of 代替;反而

14. turn...into... 使......變成......

15. get married 結(jié)婚

16. the main character 主要人物;主人公

17. at other times 在另外一些時(shí)候

18. be able to 能;會(huì)

19. come out (書、電影等)出版

20. become interested in... 對(duì)……感興趣

21. walk to the other side 走到另一邊去