【篇一】托福閱讀文化類詞匯
homogeneous 同質(zhì)的 homo + gene +ous(<> heterogeneous)^ homosexual, heterosexual
mainstream 主流 主流的
dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)
discrepancy 差異
misconception 誤解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding
barrier 障礙(物)~ bar, = barricade
discrimination 區(qū)別，歧視r(shí)acial/sexual discrimination discriminate (+against)
hierarchy 等級(jí)制度heir + arch(govern) + y
insularity 島國性質(zhì) ( insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.
microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)
nostalgia = homesickness
patriot 愛國者 (<> traitor)à patriotic, patriotism
compatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriot
vernacular 本地的，本國的 本地話，本國話the vernacular languages of India
Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish
immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)
antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”
permeate 滲透，彌漫Smoke permeated the house.
entrepreneur 企業(yè)家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship
practitioner 開業(yè)者，從業(yè)者praction(practice) + er
celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP
proxy 代理人
anecdote 軼事 (à anecdotal)
notoriety 惡名 ( notorious)
counterpart 對(duì)應(yīng)人，對(duì)等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance
peer 同等的人 凝視，窺視(~ peep)
subordinate 下級(jí) 下級(jí)的<> superior
tactics 戰(zhàn)術(shù)，技巧v.s. strategy (戰(zhàn)略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics
nuance a subtle difference in meaning
【篇二】托福閱讀文化類詞匯
benchmarking 類比分析
punctual 準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的 (à punctuality)
absenteeism 曠工absent à absentee à absenteeism
flextime 彈性工作時(shí)間flex(flexible) + time
harass 騷擾 (à harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.
redundancy 冗余，冗員network redundancy
downsize 裁員 (~ lay off)
ballot 投票 (= vote)
impartial 不偏不倚的 (<> partial)
lobby 大堂(n.) 游說(v.)
shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)
equilibrium 平衡，均衡
questionnaire 調(diào)查表，問卷
quantitative 定量的 (<> qualitative)
【篇三】托福閱讀文化類詞匯
contingency 偶然性，偶然事件
incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur
ethical 倫理的，符合倫理的~ ethics, <> unethical
dubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.
manifestation 顯示，證明 ( manifest)
subtitle 字幕，副標(biāo)題 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts)
dubbing 配音錄制
vogue 時(shí)尚 ^ chic
bizarre 奇異的v.s. weird (怪異的)
mediocre 平庸的
dietitian 飲食學(xué)家 (~ diet)
connoisseur 行家，鑒賞家^ entrée, a la carte
