【#小學三年級# #小學三年級階段英語語法知識總結(jié)（帶練習及答案）#】英語語法是針對英語語言進行研究后，英語語法系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來的一系列語言規(guī)則。英語語法的精髓在于掌握語言的使用。小學階段的英語學習離不開語法知識，®無憂考網(wǎng)整理了小學三年級階段英語語法知識總結(jié)（帶練習及答案），在期末來臨之際，希望對于教師的語法教學有所幫助！
一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
句子基本是：簡單陳述句，由簡單陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變成肯定句，否定句，疑問句。疑問句是用來提出問題。英語中有四種疑問句: 一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)接觸到了前兩種疑問句。后兩種疑問句以后我們還會學到.
一般疑問句：
英語中要用 yes和no 來回答的疑問句叫一般疑問句。如:
1）Is it hot ? Yes, it is .\No, it isn't. -- be動詞引導
2）Is it a car ? Yes, it is .\No, it isn't . -- be動詞引導
3）Is this your ruler ? Yes, it is .\No, it isn't . -- be動詞引導
4）Do you like bananas ? -- 含實義動詞
Yes, I like bananas. \ No, I don't like bananas.
5）Can Ming hear a drill ? --含情態(tài)動詞
Yes , Ming can hear a drill.\No,Ming can't hear a drill.
陳述句（肯定句，否定句，一般疑問句）的轉(zhuǎn)變規(guī)律：
1．肯定句： 2．否定句： 3. 一般疑問句及肯否定回答
1) 主語+be動詞+…. 1) 主語+be動詞+not+…. 1）be動詞+主語+…？
Yes, 主語+be動詞./
No, 主語+be動詞+not.
I am a teacher. I am not a teacher. Are you a teacher？
--Yes, I am./ No, I am not.
My mother is thin. My mother is not /isn't thin. Is your mother thin?
--Yes, she is./ No, she isn't.
They are insects. They are not/aren't insects. Are they insects？
--Yes. they are./ No, they aren't.
2) 主語+情態(tài)動詞can+… 2) 主語+情態(tài)動詞can+ not+…. 2）情態(tài)動詞can+主語+…？
Yes, 主語+情態(tài)動詞can/
No,主語+情態(tài)動詞can+ not
He can jump. He can not/can't jump. Can he jump？
--Yes,he can./ No, he can't.
3) 主語+動詞+…. 3) 主語+助動詞do/does+not 3） 助動詞do/does+主語
+…. 動詞原形 +….動詞原形？
Yes, 主語+助動詞do/does.
No, 主語+助動詞do/does+not.
He likes to eat apples. He doesn't like to eat apples. Does he like to eat apples？
Yes，he does./ No，he doesn't.
We like to eat apples. We don't like to eat apples. Do you like to eat apples？
Yes，we do. /No，we don't.
二. 祈使句：表示請求、命令、建議或勸告等的句子叫祈使句，主語you常省略。
1、肯定形式：一般以動詞原形開頭。 Open the door, please.
2、否定形式：在句首謂語動詞前加Don't。 Don't be late for class.
三 特殊疑問句（又叫wh-question）
用特殊疑問詞來提出問題的疑問句叫作特殊疑問句。特殊疑問詞一般要放在句首。常用的疑問詞有what who ，which how 等這些詞都以wh 開頭（包括how）所以也叫作wh-question。特殊疑問句要求回答具體內(nèi)容。不能用yes或no回答。結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問詞+一般疑問句�；卮鸩荒苡脃es / no(或相當于yes / no)回答的問句。答句的句式同肯定句句式：如：
What can you see ? I can see a cat.
What can you hear ? I can hear a bus.
What can you do ? I can sing and dance.
What is it ? It's a panda.
What do you like ? I like playing football
How old are you ? I'm ten.
一.將下列句子變成一般疑問句
1 Mr Wang is thirsty __________________________?
2.The elephent's ears are long __________________________?
3. We like birds _________________________?
4.Hello.You are his mother __________________________?
5.I can sing and dance. ___________________________?
二 將下列每組詞各組成一句特殊疑問句
1.(you are how). _________________________?.
2.(old how Ben is)_________________________?
3.colour is what your shirt_________________________?
4.(can see what the on you desk ) ________________________?
5.(like what do you)_________________________?
答案：
一.
1.Is Mr Wang thirsty?
2. Are the elephent's ears long
3. Do you like birds?
4.Hello. Are you his mother?
5.Can you sing and dance?
二.
1.How are you?
2.How old is Ben ?
3.What colour is your shirt?
4.What can you see on the desk?
5.What do you like?
介詞、連詞和感嘆詞
1.介詞：介詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨使用,必須在介詞后面加上個名詞或代詞使用,作句子成份。
介詞后面的名詞（或相當于名詞的其它詞）叫做介詞的賓語。介詞和介詞賓語合稱為介詞短語。介詞短語在句中可作壯語、定語或表語。
介詞如: in 在…里面 on在…上面 under在…下面等。
in the classroom in the tree in the hall
on the road on the desk on the floor
under the table under the bed under the chair
2.連詞：連詞是用來連接詞與詞、短語與短語、句子與句子等的詞叫連詞。連詞是一種虛詞，在句子中不能單獨作句子成分。連詞分兩類：一類叫等立連詞，另一類叫從屬連詞。
(1). 等立連詞是用來連接同等的詞、詞組和分句的。等立連詞有許多
我們現(xiàn)在只學到了and和but，其他的以后學到再介紹。
如：A and B ; blue and white ；an apple and a banana; a car and a bus; Lucy and Ben ; Ben and Kitty ;
This is a lorry and that's a drill.
I like dolls and you like robots.
(2). 從屬連詞是用來引起從句的。從屬連詞又分為
1) 引起名詞性從句的連接詞，如：if ，that 等。
2）引起壯語從句的連接詞，如：when ， after ，befare等。以后會逐漸學到再介紹。
3.感嘆詞: 表示說話人的某種感情(驚訝,高興,痛苦等)的詞叫感嘆詞。感嘆詞后常用感嘆號。常用的感嘆詞有：oh（表示驚奇或痛苦），ah（表示驚奇或滿意），hello（常被用來打招呼相當于漢語的"喂！"），well（表示驚訝，無奈）
如：Hello.Are you Mary?
練習：翻譯下列詞組
1.在桌子上面 2.在樹下面
3.在椅子上面 4.在盒子里面
5.在黑板上 6.在書里
7.在臉上 8.在公共汽車上
9.一只貓和一只狗. 10.又小又胖
答案：
1.on the desk
2. under the tree
3. on the desk
4. in the box
5. on the blackboard
6. in the book
7. on the face
8. on the bus
9. a cat and a dog
10. small and fat
情態(tài)動詞can
can 在英語中有一個特殊的名字,叫做情態(tài)動詞，表示"能夠", "會", "能力"后面要跟著表示動作的動詞。沒有時態(tài)和人稱的變化。表示不能做什么的時候,后面加上 not為 can not,或者縮寫為can't。問別人"能…嗎？"要把can 放在句子前面,首字母要大寫,句尾別忘加上問號。
例句：-I can swing .I can draw.
-She can jump.He can play .
-We can touch .They can run.
-I can't sing.You can't see.
-She can't dance.He can't hear a car.
-We can't hear an aeroplane.
-Can you hear a dog？Can he hear a bus？
-Can Lucy write？Can you do it?
將下面各組詞組成句子
1.________________________（an,aeroplane,hear,Lucy,can ）
2. ____________________________ (not,he ,dance,can )
3.____________________________? (you,can ,see,what )
4.____________________________(can ,see ,not ,we ,you)
5._____________________________. (I ,can ,help ,you )
6._____________________________? (I,can ,do,what)
7._____________________________? (you ,can ,hear me)
8._____________________________? (you ,can ,dance)
答案：
1.Lucy can hear an aeroplane.
2. He can not /can't dance.
3. What can you see?
4. We can not /can't see you
5. I can help you.
6. What can I do?
7. Can you hear me?
8. Can you dance?
人稱代詞所屬格
主格作主語，其中she指帶代國家，it可指代天氣時間等。
賓格作賓語，介詞賓語，表語。動詞后面用人稱賓格
形容詞性物主代詞作定語。
名詞性物主代詞作主語,賓語,介詞賓語,表語 書信yours…
表示 ---- 的,這樣的詞我們也學習很多了，你能想出來嗎？
記住這個小口訣就很容易了：
我的 my，你的your，他的 his、她的her. //它的是its; 我們的 our; 你們的是 your他們(它們，她們)的是their//這些人稱代詞形式稱為人稱代詞所屬格，也叫形容詞性物主代詞。通常用在名詞前面表示所屬關系。另外，表示某人的還可以用名詞或人名+ 's 來表示。
如: my kite; your book; his pen; her coat; its tail; our class;
their teachers; my brother's; book; the cat's ears; Mary's mother
一.寫出下列人稱代詞的所屬格形式
I________you_________he______________She_________it_________
we_____________You_________they_________
二.用合適的人稱代詞填空
(1) This is Ben. This is _______bicycle.
(2) I am Kitty. ______ bag is blue
(3) She's Alice. That's _____ umbrella.
(4) You are Mr Li. ______ car is black.
(5) Is this ______ hat? Yes, it's my hat.
(6) That's my mother. That's _____ coat.
(7) Where's ______ scarf? Here you are.
(8) He's Mr Wang. _____ gloves are new.
三.翻譯下列詞組
1. 你的名字 _____________ 2.我們班___________
3. 他的小弟弟____________ 4.我祖母___________
5. 它的尾巴 ______________ 6.我的鞋____________
7. 她的圍巾________________ 8.我的襯衫_________
9. 他們的老師______________ 10.瑪麗的雨傘_________
四.用下列單詞組句
1.___________________________ (my , is,name , Tom)
2.____________________________ (is, miss , Gao, , our,friend)
3.____________________________ (is what ,your number ,telephone)
4.____________________________? (mother , your ,a teacher , is)
5.____________________________? (who's , cap , it , is)
答案：一. I(my) you (your) he(his) she(her) it(its) We (our) you (your) they (their)
三. 1.your name 2.our class 3. his little brother 4.my grandmother 5.its tail 6.my shoes 7.her scarf 8.my shirt 9.their teacher 10. Mary's umbrella
四. 1.My name is Tom. 2.Miss Gao is our friend 3.What's your telephone number? 4.Is your mother a teacher? 5.Who's cap is it?
單數(shù)句和復數(shù)句
口訣： 單數(shù)句子變，變化規(guī)則要記住。
名詞代詞要變化，am, is要變are。
this, that變成啥，these, those來替它。
he, she, it要變啥，全部變they不用怕。
I要變we莫落下，名詞后面把s/es加。
名前冠詞去掉它，其余成分原樣加。
具體注意下面的六要素：
1．單數(shù)主格人稱代詞要變成相應的復數(shù)主格人稱代詞，即I→we； you→you； she, he, it→they。 如： She is a girl.→They are girls.
2． am, is要變?yōu)閍re。 如： I'm a student. →We are students.
3．不定冠詞a, an要去掉。如： He is a boy. →They are boys.
4．普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式。如： It is a cat. →They are cats.
5．指示代詞this, that要變?yōu)閠hese, those。如： This is a book.→These are books.
6． man, woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞時，要在 "數(shù)"上與被修飾名詞保持一致。但其他名詞修飾名詞表示 "性質(zhì)"時，不作變化。如：
He is a man doctor.→They are men doctors.
This is an apple tree.→They are apple trees.
單復數(shù)相互轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞(含縮寫)
1. The woman is a nurse.(改為復數(shù)句)
The _________ _________ _________.
2. There are some old cars.(改為單數(shù)句)
There _________ _________ old _________.
3. He has a new book.(改為復數(shù)句)
_________ _________ new _________.
4. Are these your chicks ?(改為單數(shù)句)
_______ _______ your _______?
5. Is there a sheep in the playground?(改為復數(shù)句)
________ there ________ ________ in the playground?
