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SAT考試語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)題解題要領(lǐng):改進(jìn)段落題型

時(shí)間:2009-08-16 08:19:00   來(lái)源:太傻網(wǎng)     [字體: ]
隨著赴美留學(xué)形勢(shì)的不斷升溫,越來(lái)越多的高中生加入到了備戰(zhàn)美國(guó)高考(SAT)的隊(duì)伍中來(lái)。雖然美國(guó)高考(SAT)培訓(xùn)在中國(guó)還處在剛剛起步的階段,但恰逢此時(shí),新航道與全球大的教育集團(tuán)之一、美國(guó)SAT教材出版商-美國(guó)KAPLAN國(guó)際教育集團(tuán)強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)手,在中國(guó)大陸地區(qū)率先引進(jìn)了SAT培訓(xùn)體系和教材體系,使我國(guó)考生迅速與美國(guó)高考的學(xué)生站在了同一起跑線上。與此同時(shí),新航道還從北美引進(jìn)了一批多年在北美留學(xué)、且擁有SAT培訓(xùn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的海歸一線執(zhí)教,他們將帶給國(guó)內(nèi)備戰(zhàn)美國(guó)高考的學(xué)子們前沿的信息。為此,新航道-新浪教育聯(lián)手推出:“美國(guó)高考(SAT)點(diǎn)晴系列”。來(lái)自北京新航道學(xué)校的一線SAT將就廣大考生備戰(zhàn)美國(guó)高考中所遇到的一些問(wèn)題通過(guò)系列的文章進(jìn)行答疑解惑,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

  作者:北京新航道學(xué)校SAT語(yǔ)法主講 王汝濤

  在上一篇文章中,我重點(diǎn)分析了句子改錯(cuò)題的命題模式和解題要領(lǐng),本文將分析寫作語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)部分的另外兩種題型,即改進(jìn)句子(Improving Sentences)和改進(jìn)段落(Improving Paragraphs)。

  一、改進(jìn)句子(Improving Sentences)

  這部分常見(jiàn)考察點(diǎn): 1。支離破碎的句子。 例如: Although he studies hard. 2。沒(méi)有用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來(lái)分割句子。例如:In the past I worked at a language school in New Zealand now I am back in China. 3. 使用不正確的逗號(hào)切割句子。例如: Alex finished her homework early, after that she drove to Maria’s house. 4. 邏輯錯(cuò)誤,如該使用but連接卻使用了and。邏輯指代錯(cuò)誤等。5. 修飾詞位置不當(dāng) 6. 結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)稱等。有些連接詞后要對(duì)稱,如: neither…nor…, either… or…, both… and…, the more… the more…, not only… but also… 特別是but also 部分經(jīng)常容易有錯(cuò)誤。還有使用and 連接兩個(gè)沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系的兩個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)看如下幾個(gè)例子:

  1. Nineteenth-century nihilists were concerned with neither the origins of philosophical thought nor how societal laws developed. (x) (結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)稱)

  Nineteenth-century nihilists were concerned with neither the origins of philosophical thought nor the development of societal laws. (√)

  2. The junior class built a homecoming float, and it had lights and a sound system that worked amazingly well. (x) (使用and 連接兩個(gè)沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系的兩個(gè)句子)

  The junior class built a homecoming float. It had lights and a sound system that worked amazingly well. (√)

  3. Ben Franklin was a respected and talented statesman, and he was most famous for his discovery of electricity. (x) (轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,連接詞使用不當(dāng))

  Ben Franklin was a respected and talented statesman, but he was most famous for his discovery of electricity. (√)

  4. George and Liam argued about football while I tried to study loudly. (x) (修飾詞位置不當(dāng))

  George and Liam argued loudly about football while I tried to study. √

  5. Wrapped in my towel, the sun was not a problem。(x) (邏輯錯(cuò)誤)

  Wrapped in my towel, I found that the sun was not a problem. √

  例題分析:

  Credulous people believe in the existence of extra-terrestrial beings, most scientists and other informed students of nature do not。

  A. Credulous people believing

  B. While credulous people believe

  C. Credulous people are always believing

  D. Since credulous people believe

  E. Credulous people tend to believe

  解析:本句劃線部分為該句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ),看完全句會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這是個(gè)用逗號(hào)分隔的句子,顯然不符合要求。但因標(biāo)點(diǎn)處沒(méi)有劃線,所以不能改動(dòng)。根據(jù)兩句的意思可以看出應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以B既解決了邏輯問(wèn)題,有避免了逗號(hào)切割句子的問(wèn)題。A構(gòu)成句子碎片,所以不正確。C和E沒(méi)有解決逗號(hào)分隔句子的問(wèn)題。D邏輯關(guān)系不對(duì)。

  二、改進(jìn)段落(Improving Paragraphs)

  改進(jìn)段落的題型一般是一篇含有語(yǔ)法和邏輯錯(cuò)誤,多由15個(gè)到20個(gè)句子組成的文章。一般這種題型有四大類問(wèn)題:1. 改正句子中的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,和改進(jìn)句子題的考察點(diǎn)基本一致;2. 把兩句句子結(jié)合成一個(gè)句子;3. 在段落中插入句子;4. 文章分析問(wèn)題。后者多考察邏輯關(guān)系,即根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境選擇正確的句子。在做改進(jìn)段落題時(shí)由于文章篇幅比較長(zhǎng),因此很多情況下,不需要通篇閱讀。一般可以開(kāi)始的段落重點(diǎn)閱讀,以便了解文章的大意,其它段落僅看首尾句即可。對(duì)于此類題型中的改正句子語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤題,在多數(shù)情況下,可以不看原文即可做出正確判斷。因此,平時(shí)要多多注重語(yǔ)法技能和語(yǔ)感的培養(yǎng),對(duì)解答此類題型頗有幫助。

  總之,語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)部分是SAT考試寫作部分較為容易的部分,也是中國(guó)學(xué)生能夠得高分的題型,它所涵蓋的知識(shí)點(diǎn)很多在中學(xué)階段都已有所接觸,因此,只要掌握正確的解題要領(lǐng),一定會(huì)輕而易舉攻克此類題型,在實(shí)際考試當(dāng)中考出高分來(lái)。