所以我們現(xiàn)在知道該使用哪一種音標(biāo)了,那就是通常情況下,我們應(yīng)該使用DJ音標(biāo)。
1、英國音是用 DJ (Daniel Jones 1881 – 1967 英國語音學(xué)家)音標(biāo)(phonetic symbols)。
2、美國音是用K.K.(John S. Kenyon 與 Thomas A. Knott美國語言學(xué)家)音標(biāo)。
3、IPA 是International Phonetic Alphabet(國際音標(biāo),即英國音標(biāo))。
4、RP 是 Received Pronunciation 的縮寫,翻譯為「可接受的發(fā)音」,即英國國家廣播公司(BBC)的英語,可謂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語,但仍謙稱為「可接受的發(fā)音」。ting.24en.com
現(xiàn)在中學(xué)教材使用了新的音標(biāo)符號, 即 Daniel Jones 于1977年在English Pronouncing Dictionary( 第 14 版 ) 中所使用的新的音標(biāo)符號。(主要是元音變化),F(xiàn)在出版的字典每個單詞大多注有國際音標(biāo),以英國丹尼爾.瓊斯(Daniel Jones)的語音詞典最新版本(15版)為依據(jù),為讀者提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語發(fā)音。
Daniel Jones (1881 - 1967) was a British phonetician. He was a disciple of Paul-Edouard Passy. He wrote The Pronunciation of English in 1909 and The outline of English Phonetics in 1918. This is considered to be the first comprehensive description of Received Pronunciation. He uses the term phoneme in the current sense.
Jones uses in his theory a two-parameter diagram to visualize how vowels are produced and he promoted the term cardinal vowel. The two parameters are tongue height and lip-shape. Many later models at the end of the twentieth century are still based on this model. www.24en.com
Jones studied the phonetics of various languages. In particular for example he did an analysis of the tone in Tswana. He developed new alphabets for African and Indian languages.