題號 內(nèi)容 題量 計(jì)分 時(shí)間（分鐘） I 單項(xiàng)填空 25 25 20 II 完形填空 20 30 15 III 閱讀理解 25 50 50 IV 情景交際 10 20 15 V 寫作 1 25 20 合計(jì) 81 150 120
三、題型示例 第I卷（選擇題，共125分） Ⅰ．單項(xiàng)選擇題（共25小題；每小題1分，滿分25分） 從A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)填黑。 1. —Thank you very much, Mr. Smith. — . A. You are welcome B. Don’t say so C. You’re right D. Don’t do that 2. —Have you seen Tony Story? —Yes. is a good film for kids. A. He B. She C. It D. There 3. Look! A student playing basketball on the playground. A. is B. are C. was D. were 4. —How do you usually go to work? —By bus, but yesterday I walked. A. a B. the C. 不填 D. an 5. We have a sports meeting September every year. A. at B. in C. on D. of 6. —Do you have a pet? —Yes, I have a I like it very much. A. car B. magazine C. dog D. computer 7. I can’t tell you what Jane will do this afternoon. I know of her daytime habits. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing 8. It is a street. Please be careful when crossing it. A. long B. busy C. modern D. heavy 9. —Smith, somebody wants you on the phone. — no one knows I am here. A. But B. So C. For D. And 10. you help me? I can’t carry the heavy box upstairs. A. Need B. May C. Must D. Can 11. Do you want me what the story is about? A. telling B. to tell C. told D. tell 12. You should talking. We must keep quiet in the library. A. continue B. enjoy C. stop D. learn 13. —Can you tell me you got to the park? —On foot. A. where B. how C. when D. why 14. That sounds rather simple, but it’s very difficult. A. in fact B. in time C. in turn D. in need 15. Willy owned number of books than anyone else I have ever met. A. a large B. a larger C. the largest D. the larger 16. I am writing a letter to Rose, father works in a bank. A. whose B. who C. that D. which 17. —I to the post office. —While you are there, can you get me some stamps? A. went B. have gone C. am going D. go 18. I suggested her out to dinner for a change. A. taken B. take C. to take D. taking 19. We have to hurry up we can catch the last train. A. as if B. so that C. while D. unless 20.—Has Kate finished her report? —I don’t know. She it last night. A. will write B. has written C. is writing D. was writing 21. Don’t too late, or you will fell sleepy in class tomorrow. A. stand up B. look up C. stay up D. get up 22. You have had your hair ; it looks great. A. cuts B. cutting C. to cut D. cut 23. It’s too late to go to the football match now; , it’s beginning to snow. A. besides B. however C. so D. yet 24. —The room is dirty. —I know. It for weeks. A. hasn’t been cleaned B. hasn’t cleaned C. wasn’t cleaned D. didn’t clean 25. —Talk to you later. —All right. . A. I’d like to B. See you C. Not at all D. No way Ⅱ．完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中， 選出可以填入空白處的佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 I woke up early this morning. I have the habit of getting the morning news. So I tried to watch 26 before I 27 to my office, but I couldn’t. I had an empty feeling and I have had that 28 so many times before. I walked out of my house into the street. On my way to 29 , I decided to get something to 30 from the little store just down the road. I had never been there before but I was 31 and it would be 5 hours before I 32 work. It was a long 33 . I walked in and the owner of the 34 took my order. When I said “I heard you make great cheese”, he seemed very 35 . I looked around and found an empty 36 to eat my food. Next to it, there was an old woman. She looked at me and said, “Has anyone ever 37 you that you have the most beautiful brown eyes?” “No, never, 38 my eyes are blue,” I said. She said, “Oh, yes. You have beautiful blue 39 ”. I 40 and said thank you. She began to tell me some more 41 and they made me laugh. She then said, “Your smile really makes a room a nice place.” I said, “ 42 you very much.” She looked at me with kindness 43 her eyes and said, “ 44 care of that smile.” I felt very 45 . It was really a good start of a day. 26. A. TV B. movies C. magazines D. games 27. A. rode B. sailed C. flew D. went 28. A. coffee B. television C. feeling D. habit 29. A. school B. work C. home D. breakfast 30. A. read B. eat C. smell D. wear 31. A. hungry B. angry C. thirsty D. sleepy 32. A. went to B. went for C. got up D. got off 33. A. time B. way C. story D. trip 34. A. factory B. farm C. store D. station 35. A. upset B. cold C. disappointed D. pleased 36. A. box B. seat C. room D. plate 37. A. ordered B. doubted C. told D. seen 38. A. because B. if C. though D. before 39. A. dress B. hair C. shoes D. eyes 40. A. cried B. wondered C. smiled D. left 41. A. news B. jokes C. songs D. left 42. A. Thank B. Know C. Love D. Hate 43. A. for B. at C. in D. on 44. A. Look B. Get C. Take D. Have 45. A. tired B. puzzled C. strange D. happy Ⅲ．閱讀理解（共25小題；每小題2分，滿分50分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中， 選出可以填入空白處的佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 A
Rose Garden Hotel This popular hotel is in the heart of London. All rooms have colour TVs and bathrooms. Prices are low and the service is excellent. And you can have free breakfast. Everyone is welcome here.
Price a night October－May June－September Single room ￡40.00 ￡55.00 Double room ￡65.00 ￡70.00 Address: 27 Cherry Road, London Tel: 0717-402-8277
Airspeed to the USA Do you often travel to the USA on business? Airspeed is a different airline. It can arrange(安排) interesting one-day sightseeing tours of American cities like Seattle and New York. You can also go to see the White House or have a meal in China Town. You’ll enjoy your business trip, and you will feel as if you’re on vacation! Phone 0171-368-4925 for more information.
46. If you want a double room in Rose Garden Hotel on October 4th, you should pay . A. ￡40.00 B. ￡55.00 C. ￡65.00 D. ￡70.00 47. If you stay in Rose Garden Hotel, you can have free . A. breakfast B. lunch C. bathrooms D. movies 48. Which phone number will you ring to book a room in Rose Garden Hotel? A. 0717-402-8277. B. 0717-402-8298. C. 0171-368-4925. D. 0171-368-4926. 49. Airspeed can arrange for you to visit . A. Seattle B. Beijing C. Paris D. London 50. How can you get more information of Airspeed to the USA? A. By sending an E-mail. B. By making a phone call. C. By going to the White House. D. By writing a letter. B This is my story. I’m French. I fly planes in Africa. One day, when I was flying a very small plane, there was something wrong with the engine(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)). The engine stopped. I was the only one in the plane. The plane was light and finally I managed to land it. I was OK and the plane was OK, too. Where was I？I didn’t know. I couldn’t see and houses or farms. I had only one bottle of water and two oranges in the plane. No the first day I didn’t eat anything. Luckily, I had a map. In the evening, I began walking. Where should I walk? I looked at my map. I looked at the moon and the stars. I walked and walked. The sun came up on the morning of the second day. It was too hot to walk. I stayed in the same place for many hours. In the evening, I began walking. I ate one orange and drank a little water. The hot sun came up on the fourth day. Would this be my last day on the Earth? I didn’t know. Suddenly I saw a man on a hill. I walked to him excitedly and said hello to him. He looked at me and then gave me some water. I drank and drank and drank … 51. Where does the writer come from? A. America. B. France. C. Italy. D. Britain. 52. What happened to the plane? A. It got broken. B. It couldn’t land safely. C. Its engine went wrong. D. It ran out of gas. 53. Why did the writer eat nothing on the first day? A. He was badly ill. B. He was seriously injured. C. He hadn’t enough food. D. He had lost his map. 54. When did the writer see a man on a hill? A. On the fourth day. B. On the third day. C. On the second day. D. On the first day. 55. How did the writer feel when he saw a man on a hill? A. Frightened. B. Surprised. C. Excited. D. Interested.
C Three-year-old Gaby loves soccer. Every Saturday morning, her mom Jeanne takes her for a 45-minute soccer practice. But soccer season will be over soon. What’s next? Ice skating lessons. Besides sports on the weekends, Gaby also goes to school during the week. “Gaby goes to preschool(幼兒園) from nine to noon Monday through Friday except Tuesday. On Tuesdays, she goes to preschool in the afternoon. She also has cooking lessons on Wednesdays, gymnastics on Thursdays and dance on Fridays. Right now, she’s playing soccer,” said Jeanne. She said even though Gaby was just 3, she needed to take part in lots of different activities to find out what kinds of things she likes doing. “She likes to keep busy. She hasn’t taken a rest at noon since she was 22 months old. She likes to keep up with her big sisters!” Jeanne said. Gaby’s 6-year-old twin sisters Julia and Sophie have lessons six hours a day, five days a week. “Are your kids tired of these activities?” I asked. “No, and I’m not, either. You see, in order to live a better life in the future, children need to learn teamwork, sportsmanship, get exercise and have fun.” 56. How often does Gaby go to soccer practice? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week. 57. What will Gaby learn after the soccer season is over? A. Skating. B. Swimming. C. Running. D. Riding. 58. Gaby needn’t go to preschool on . A. Monday mornings B. Tuesday mornings C. Thursday mornings D. Friday mornings 59. Gaby has dance lessons on . A. Mondays B. Tuesdays C. Wednesdays D. Fridays 60. Jeanne sends Gaby to take part in so many activities to find out . A. how to teach kids B. when a kid should go to school C. what Gaby is interested in D. why Gaby likes soccer D Most Americans pay attention to their health. In school, children learn to eat healthy food. They are told not to eat too much junk food. They know what is good or bad to eat. Many Americans read the information carefully about what they eat. The U.S. government also requires(要求) strict food, so the food has higher quality and people can eat better food. Keeping fit is often on the top list of Americans’ New Year’s resolutions. Most Americans like Joining health clubs to take enough exercise. Many stores sell sports shoes and clothing. People can even buy equipment(設(shè)備) and set up their own exercise center at home. Now Americans exercise less than they did before. The number of people taking part in health activities is becoming smaller. Of high school students, only 37% of them exercise three time a week. However, 70% of the young men watch TV at least an hour every day, and 38% of them watch over three hours. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20% more than their ideal weight. Though these problems are worrying, we still say Americans enjoy good health, because medical care in the United States is the best in the world. 61. What food to American children learn to eat in school? A. Healthy food. B. Junk food. C. Sweet food. D. Snacks. 62. What is on the top list of Americans’ New Year’s plan? A. Keeping fit. B. Selling sports shoes. C. Selling sports clothes. D. Watching TV. 63. Most Americans take enough exercise by . A. walking after dinner B. joining health clubs C. setting up home exercise centers D. running outside in the morning 64. What does the underlines word “ideal”(Paragraph 4) probably mean? A. Important. B. Right. C. Great. D. Balanced. 65. According to Paragraph 4, what problem are Americans facing? A. Exercising less than before. B. Eating less than before. C. Watching less TV than before. D. Working less than before.
E Do you like meeting new people? Do you like talking? Are you shy? Whatever your answers are, the following tips can help you. Have some topics ready to start a conversation. Say something about the weather or the place where you are. Talk about the weekend — we all have something to say about weekends. Make the conversation interesting. Read the latest news. Find out information about popular music or what’s new in fashion or sports. Listen actively. Don’t just say “Yes” or “No” when you answer a question. You’d better show your own opinion, too. Don’t talk about yourself all the time. Ask “How about you?” and show that you are interested in the other person. People love to talk about themselves! Ask information questions. Ask questions like “What do you do in your free time?” or “What kind of food do you like?” Use questions to keep the conversation going. But don’t ask too many questions. It’s not an interrogation(審問)! Be positive. Negative answers can sound rude. And if you don’t want to answer a personal question, simply say, “Oh, I’m not sure I can answer that.” Smile! Everyone loves smile. Just be relaxed, smile and be yourself. 66. How many tips are mentioned in the text? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7. 67. According to Paragraph 3, what can we do to make the conversation interesting? A. Sing a pop song. B. Get the latest news. C. Do some sports. D. Ask “How about you?”. 68. What does the writer suggest readers do in Paragraph 4? A. Don’t talk to strangers. B. Don’t say “yes” or “no”. C. Be an active listener. D. Be an active speaker. 69. What can keep the conversation going according to Paragraph 6? A. Information questions. B. Personal questions. C. Being confident. D. Being honest. 70. The text in mainly about some . A. conversation skills B. business skills C. language skills D. study skills
Ⅳ. 情景交際（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分） 閱讀A段對話，從對話后所給五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 閱讀B段對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白出的佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 A A：Hi, Judy. Will you help me? B：Oh, Jack. 71. A：My pen pal’s birthday is coming. 72. B：Well, you could buy her a gift. A：Oh, no. She is in America. 73. B：Perhaps you should write her an e-mail. A：74. Because we often write to each other. It’s not special. B：Maybe you could make a nice postcard on the computer by yourself. A：Sounds like a good idea. B：75. A：Thank you. Judy. B：You are welcome. A. But I don’t know what to get for her. B. I can’t meet her at all. C. I don’t think it’s a good idea. D. What’s the matter? E. Now let me help you design it.
B A：Hello, Alex! 76. . B：I’m going to put up the poster on the wall. A：A poster? B：Yes. We are going to have a school party. A：77. B：At half past six tomorrow evening. A：Oh great! 78. B：I’m going to wear my school uniform(校服). A：Could I wear my jeans to the party? B：I’m afraid you can’t. 79. A：Really? B：Yes. Look at the poster. 80. A：Well. I’ll wear my school uniform, too. A. What kind of clothes are you going to wear? B. If so, the students at the door won’t let you in. C. Here are the rules for the party. D. Please bring your ID card. E. What are you going to do? F. When are we going to have it? G. The poster tells us to get there on time. Ⅴ. 書面表達(dá)（25分） 假設(shè)你是剛從美國來的交換生Jim，請你根據(jù)下面表格中的內(nèi)容在英語課上作一個(gè)50~70詞的自我介紹，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Name Jim Age 15 Father’s job engineer Mother’s job English teacher School of graduation (畢業(yè)學(xué)校) Lincoln High school Specialties(特長) computer, English Hobbies sports, collecting stamps, music
Hello! I’m very glad to introduce myself to you. That’s all. Thank you.
參考答案 Ⅰ．單項(xiàng)選擇題（共25小題；每小題1分，滿分25分） 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. B Ⅱ．完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. D Ⅲ．閱讀理解（共25小題；每小題2分，滿分50分） 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. C 53. C 54. A 55. C 56. A 57. A 58. B 59. D 60. C 61. A 62. A 63. B 64. B 65. A 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. A 70. A Ⅳ. 情景交際（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分） 71. D 72. A 73. B 74. C 75. E 76. E 77. F 78. A 79. B 80. C Ⅴ. 書面表達(dá)（25分） Hello! I’m very glad to introduce myself to you. My name is Jim. I’m a boy of 15. My father is an engineer. My mother is an English teacher. I graduated from Lincoln High School. Computer and English are my favorites, and I’m good at them. In my spare time, I like sports very much. I like collecting stamps and music, too. I think collecting stamps is very interesting. I can learn a lot from it. That’s all. Thank you!
四、英語科考試要點(diǎn) 第一章 名詞 一、考試要點(diǎn) 1.名詞的詞義和基本用法。 2.名詞的分類，單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)及所有格的用法。 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1.句中成分 名詞可用在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。 The book is on the desk. (主) We are students. (表) I have a pen. (賓) 2.種類 名詞可分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩種。普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞；可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的不同。可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的變化又分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則的，規(guī)則形式的變化如下： ①大多數(shù)名詞后面加s。如：workers。 ②以x, s, ch, sh等結(jié)尾，加 es。如：classes, foxes, watches, brushes。 ③輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，去y變i加es。如：baby→babies。 ④f/fe結(jié)尾，去 f/fe，加 ves。如：leaf→leaves。 ⑤o 結(jié)尾，加s。如：pianos, photos。加 es，如：heroes，tomatoes。 3. 名詞所有格 ①表示有生命的；表時(shí)間、距離、國家、城市、團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)等無生命名詞的所有格：如：Lucy’s, girls’, children’s, a ten minutes’ walk。 ②表示無生命的名詞的所有格：of+名詞，如：a map of China。 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. These are . A. Mary’s and Jane’s rooms B. Mary and Jane’s room C. Mary’s and Jane rooms D. Mary and Jane’s rooms 答案：A。本題考查名詞所有格兩人共有和非共有的用法。從主、謂語可以看出，room并非一間，因此屬于各自擁有，應(yīng)在兩個(gè)名詞后面都加’s。 例 2. The old man gained his ______ by printing _______ of famous writes. A. wealth; work B. wealths; work C. wealth; works D. wealths; works 答案：C。本題考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的用法。wealth表示“財(cái)富”，為不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式；work表示“工作”，為不可數(shù)名詞；works則為“著作、作品”，單復(fù)同形。 例 3. The naughty girl dropped the _______ and broke it yesterday. A. cup of coffee B. coffees cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup 答案：D。本題考查名詞作定語的用法。英語中可以用名詞的所有格、of短語表示所屬關(guān)系，也可以用名詞修飾名詞，說明被修飾名詞的性質(zhì)、用途、類別等。A項(xiàng)表示“那杯咖啡”，不合題意；B項(xiàng)中的coffees為錯(cuò)誤的用法；C項(xiàng)不符合英語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。 第二章 冠詞 一、考試要點(diǎn) 冠詞的分類和基本用法 二、知識要點(diǎn) 冠詞分不定冠詞（a，an）和定冠詞（the）兩種。 1. 不定冠詞 a用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前，an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。它們均表示“一”的 概念，放在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)前面，表示一個(gè)人或物。如：a teacher，a book，an expert，an apple。 2.定冠詞 ①表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或物。 ②在第二次提到某人或某物時(shí)。 ③表示說話人和聽語人都知道的人或物時(shí)。 ④表示某個(gè)民族、階級或階層。 ⑤表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。 ⑥放在序數(shù)詞、形容詞高級前面。 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. Tom has ______ unusual friend—a dog called Jack. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 答案：B。本題考查不定冠詞a，an的區(qū)別。a用于以輔音音素開頭的名詞前，an用于元音開頭的名詞前。此處的 unusual 是以元音音素開頭的。 例 2. Mother’s Day comes on second Sunday in May. A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. 不填; the D. a; the 答案：D。題干的意思是：母親節(jié)是在五月的第二個(gè)周日。second為序數(shù)詞，前面要加定冠詞the。May為月份，表示季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)假日等名稱的名詞前不用冠詞。 例 3. She usually eats little for breakfast but has ______ nice lunch. A. 不填; 不填 B. 不填; a C. the; the D. a; a 答案：B。本題考查冠詞的用法。在表示一日三餐的名詞前不用冠詞，但如果名詞前有修飾語，那么就需要有冠詞。 第三章 數(shù)詞 一、考試要點(diǎn) 數(shù)詞的分類：構(gòu)成和基本用法。 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 構(gòu)成 數(shù)詞分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩類。 （1）基數(shù)詞 ①1~ 12：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve ②13~ 19：thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen ③20, 30, …… 90：twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 幾十幾由十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)合成，中間加連字符。如：twenty-two, ninety-five。 ④三位數(shù)以上：百位和十位之間一般加連詞and。如：one hundred and one（101），two hundred and fifty-eight（258）。 （2）序數(shù)詞 ①第1~第 19：first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, elev-enth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth。 ②第 20，第 30，第 40……第 100： twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eight-ieth, ninetieth, one hundredth。 ③兩位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞：十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，只有個(gè)位數(shù)才用序數(shù)詞。在序數(shù)詞前面加連字符，如：thirty-second。 2. 數(shù)詞的用法 （1）hundred, thousand, million, billion表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)不能加s，表示不確切數(shù)目時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如：several hundred, four hundred, seven million, hundreds of, thousands of （2）序數(shù)詞前一般加 the。 the third lesson，the first room （3）表示“在幾十年代”時(shí)用“in+the +逢十的數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)”。 in the 1980s 或 80’s （4）編碼表示 。 ①事物名詞（不加冠詞）+基數(shù)詞。 Part Two, Lesson One ②定冠詞the+序數(shù)詞+事物名詞。 the fifth part, the first lesson。 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. According to the new report, every year about ______ toys are sold to America in their factory. A. 60 millions of B. 60 million of C. 60 millions D. 60 million 答案：D。本題考查確切數(shù)目的表示法�；鶖�(shù)詞hundred, thousand, million, billion表示 確切數(shù)目時(shí)不能加s。 例 2. When she was _________, she began to learn the piano. A. in her late twenty B. in her late twelve C. in her late twenties D. late in the twenty 答案：C。本題考查年齡表示法的其中一種：in+the+逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”。 例 3. The number 2558 is read as ___________. A. two thousands and five hundreds and fifty and eight B. two thousand, five hundred and fifty-eight C. two thousands, five hundreds, fifty eight D. two thousand and five hundred and fifty-eight 答案：B。本題考查“千”以內(nèi)數(shù)字的讀法�；鶖�(shù)詞加thousand和hundred，表示“幾千”， “幾百”，先讀“千位”，再讀“百位”。它們之間一般用逗號分開；百位和“幾十幾”之間加and, 后再讀“幾十幾”。 第四章 連詞 一、考試要點(diǎn) 連詞的意義、分類和基本用法 。二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 句中成分 連詞在句子中不能單獨(dú)作句子成分，只能把詞與詞、短語與短語、句子與句子連接起來,可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩種。并列連詞主要連接的是并列句；從屬連詞則大多連接狀語從句和名詞性從句。大多連接狀語從句和名詞性從句。 2. 并列連詞 and, or, not only … but also, either ... or, but, for, however 等。 Work hard and you will succeed. Not only he but also she will go to shanghai next week. 3. 從屬連詞 （1）表示時(shí)間 when, while, as, before, after, since, as soon as, till, until 等。 When the bell rang, I was watching TV. （2）表示地點(diǎn) where, wherever等。 Wherever you work, you must work hard. （3）表示原因 because, since, as 等。 He was late because his bike was broken on his way to school. （4）表示目的 so that, in order that 等。 I get up early every morning so that I can go to school on time. （5）表示結(jié)果so ... that, such ... that 等。 It is such an interesting film that I have seen twice. （6）表示條件if, unless, so/ as long as 等。 If it snows, we will go to make a snowman. （7）表示方式或比as, as … as等。 You should do as the teacher tells you. （8）表示讓步though, although, even if, even though, whatever 等。 Though my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new one. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 l. He failed many times in his English exam _______ he didn’t lose heart. A. and B. or C. so D. but 答案：D。本題考查并列連詞but的用法。本句意思為：他的英語考試失敗了很多次，但他沒有灰心。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 例 2. I was doing my homework ______ my mother was cooking. A. when B. or C. while D. for 答案：C。本題考查連詞的基本用法。while除了在時(shí)間狀語從句中表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”外，還可以用在并列句中表示兩者之間的對比。 例 3. Although it is raining, ______ are still working outside. A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they 答案：A。本句有一個(gè)although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為：盡管下雨了，他們還在外面工作。句中已有一個(gè)連詞，不能再和其他連詞一起使用。
第五章 代詞 一、考試要點(diǎn) 代詞的分類、基本用法和it用法。 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1.代詞的分類 （1）人稱代詞 ①主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they ②賓格：me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them （2）物主代詞 ①形容詞：my， your， his，her，its， our，your，their ②名詞：mine，yours，his，hers，ours，yours，theirs （3）反身代詞 myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves （4）指示代詞 this，that，these，those （5）不定代詞 some，any，something，anything （6）關(guān)系代詞 who， whom， that， which 2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的基本用法 （1）人稱代詞做主語（用主格）和賓語（用賓格）。 I have asked her and she can help me. （2）人稱代詞she可以表示國家、船只、月亮、大地等。 The moon is bright. She is beautiful. （3）名詞性物主代詞可作主語、表語、賓語。 My home is far from my school. The bike is mine. I have no pen. Can I use yours? （4）雙重所有格 。 She is a friend of mine. 3.指示代詞的用法 （1）this, these 近指，that, those 遠(yuǎn)指 。 This is my bag. That is his house. （2）this, these啟示下文要講的事物；that, those指代上文講過的事物 。 The watches made in Italy are better than those made in any other city. （3）this, that作狀語，分別意為“這么”、“那么” I don’t want that much. 4.常見不定代詞及用法 （1）all, none all指三者或三者以上的人或物，表示“一切、全部”；與否定詞連用表示部分否定。none 表示全部否定。 All of the students are clever, but none of them can use the new machine. Not all birds can fly. （1）any any指代或修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，用于肯定句，表示“任何”，常用于疑問句或否定句。 Do you have any questions? （3）both both指兩個(gè)人或物，做主語、賓語、定語等，后跟of加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)代詞。 Both of us like pop music. （4）each, every each指每個(gè)（人或事），跟of加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)代詞；every指每個(gè)（常為三個(gè)或三個(gè)以 上），與not連用表示部分否定。 Each of them can play basketball well. Every student should study hard. (5 ) either，neither，none either指二者中任何一個(gè)；neither指兩者都不，之后接單數(shù)名詞及動(dòng)詞；none指三者或以 上，全無，一個(gè)也沒有。 Here are two computers, you may use either of them. Neither day was suitable. There are 30 students in the class, but none of them are in the classroom now. （6）some，many some指一些，若干，用于肯定句；many指許多，大量，與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用。 Some people are listening to music; others are reading books in the house. There are many trees in the park. 5. it的用法 （1）可以代替前面已提到的事物。 There is a book on the desk. It is Mary’s. （2）可以代替指示代詞this，that。 This is a TV. It is broken. （3）可以表示時(shí)間、天氣、距離等。 It is getting hotter and hotter. （4）可以作形式主語、形式賓語。 It’s no use talking to her. I find it good to get up early. （5）可以用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)： It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that，who …（引導(dǎo)詞用法） It was him that/who I met in the shopping center last night. （6）特殊句型 It is/ has been + since It has been 10 years since he left his hometown. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. —Jim, what have you done with the cat? He is wet through. —Not ______, Dad! I never do that. A. myself B. me C. him D. none 答案：B。本題考查人稱代詞的用法。本句的意思：不是我，爸爸！我絕不會做那樣的事。顯然，選項(xiàng)中的him和he都是第三人稱，不合句意。而myself是指我自己，又因?yàn)轭}干省略了It’s，因此此處用賓格代詞me。 例 2. —Which do you like better，tea or coffee? —_____, I just like water. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None 答案：C。本題考查both，either，neither，none的不同用法。both意為“兩者都”；either表 示“兩者中任一”；neither表示“兩者中不管哪一者都不”；none意為“三者或三者以上沒有一 個(gè)”。本題在tea和coffee這兩者中進(jìn)行選擇，從回答中可以看出回答者兩者都不喜歡，只喜歡 水。 例 3. —Is that car ? —No. It belongs to . A. yours; me B. our; him C. his; hers D. yours; her 答案：D。本題考查人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本句的意思是：那輛車是你的嗎？不，是她的。A項(xiàng)從語法上看是正確的，但上下句句意矛盾。B項(xiàng)中的your是形容詞性物主代詞，只能用作定語，后面跟名詞，故不能選該項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)中的her是名詞性物主代詞，而belong to后要跟賓語，意為“屬于某人”，因此C項(xiàng)不能選。 第六章 形容詞和副詞 一、考試要點(diǎn) 1. 形容詞、副詞的詞義和基本用法和與其他詞性的詞的搭配 。 2. 形容詞、副詞的比較級和高級。 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 形容詞的用法 （1）句中成分 形容詞主要用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞。形容詞在句中可用作表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等。 Be careful about what you say. The sunset was a beautiful sight. I find it easy to get on with him. （2）形容詞做表語的具體用法（在系動(dòng)詞之后） ①be 動(dòng)詞；感官動(dòng)詞 look, smell，taste，sound，feel 等。 That sounds interesting. ②表示狀態(tài)存在或改變的系動(dòng)詞之后，如keep，become，get，grow，turn等。 It is becoming colder and colder. 2. 副詞的用法 主要用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。 （1）作狀語He knew London very well. （2）作定語Most people there are farmers. （3）作表語She is already up. （4）作賓語補(bǔ)足語She found the light on the next morning. （5）作介詞賓語far from here, from abroad, from behind 3. 形容詞、副詞的級 形容詞、副詞可劃分為三個(gè)級：原級、比較級和高級。 （1）同級比較 ①as +形容詞/副詞原級+ as（和……一樣）。 The building is as high as that tower. ②not so (as) +形容詞/副詞原級+ as( so只能用于否定句）。 My computer is not so(as) expensive as yours. （2）比較級用法 ①比較級+than ...。 This bag is bigger than that one. ②比較級+ than any other + 名詞單數(shù)表示：比其他（任何一個(gè)）都……。 Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. ③The +比較級……，the +比較級……意為（越……就越……）。 The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make. ④比較級+and+比較級（越來越……）。 My hometown is becoming cleaner and cleaner. ⑤比較級之前可用much，far，even，a little，rather等程度詞修飾，其中用倍數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)等詞表示比較的程度時(shí)，應(yīng)放在比較級之前。 This room is four times bigger than that one. （3）高級用法 形容詞或副詞的高級+表示范圍的短語或從句。 She runs fastest in our class. It is the most interesting story that I have ever heard. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. I feel happy because my grandmother is getting ____________. A. worse and better B. better and better C. worse and worse D. bad and bad 答案：B。本題考查的知識點(diǎn)是“比較級+and+比較級”的形式，表示“越來越……”的含義，因此首先排除A和D。另外本句的句意為：我感到開心，因?yàn)槲业哪棠淘絹碓胶昧�。根�?jù)happy 一詞可以判斷答案為B。 例 2. More and more people think outdoor activities have become _________ more important than before. A. very B. much C. quite D. fairly 答案：B。本題考查much +形容詞、副詞比較級形式，表示“……得多”的含義。 例 3. Will you tell me about the news? A. later B. latest C. late D. latter 答案：B。本題考查相似詞的含義。latter表示多久之后；latest表示新的；late表示晚的，遲到的；latter表示后面的，后者。本句的意思是：你能告訴我新的消息嗎？ 第七章 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 一、考試要點(diǎn) 1.動(dòng)詞的分類 2.常見八種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成和基本用法 3.常見八種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和基本用法 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1.動(dòng)詞分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞四種。 （1）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，能獨(dú)立做謂語。如：write, read, study, work等。 （2）連系動(dòng)詞 有一定的詞義，但不能完全，不能獨(dú)立做謂語。必須和表語連用。如：be, become, get, feel, sound等。 （3）助動(dòng)詞 本身沒有詞義，不能獨(dú)立做謂語，只能和別的動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞，表示時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等特征。疑問句和否定句也要靠助動(dòng)詞來幫助構(gòu)成。如：do, does, did, have, has, had, shall, will, would等。 （4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 有詞義，表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)。不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱及數(shù)量的改變。如：can, could, may, might, must, should等。 2.常見八種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法 （1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ① 表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)；常與often, usually, every day等時(shí)間狀語連用。 ② 表示客觀事物或普遍真理。 I go to school at 7：30 every day. The moon moves around the earth. （2）—般過去時(shí) ① 表示某一確定的過去時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；常與yesterday, last month, just now 等時(shí)間狀語連用。 ② 表示過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作。 I spent two hours doing my homework yesterday evening. The old man used to have a walk after supper when he lived in the countryside. （3）一般將來時(shí) ① will/ shall +v. 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和存在的狀態(tài)。常與tomorrow, next year等時(shí)間狀語連用。 ②am/ is/ are going to +v. 表示打算要做的事，可能發(fā)生的事。 We shall have a meeting tomorrow afternoon. It is going to rain right now. （4）過去將來時(shí) 表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 My father told me that he would come back the next day. （5）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ① 表示說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now連用。 ② 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 He is talking with a customer patiently. My brother is writing a novel. （6）過去進(jìn)行時(shí) ① 表示在過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 ② 表示過去某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 He was doing his homework at 8 yesterday. We were living in the countryside at that time. （7）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ① 表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，現(xiàn)在已結(jié)束，而其后果或影響仍然存在。 ② 與since和for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，主句要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 ③ 表示動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還可能持續(xù)下去。 I have finished reading this novel. He has been a teacher since he graduated. We have learned English for three years. （8）過去完成時(shí) ① 表示過去某一時(shí)刻以前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作。 ② 表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始，持續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 The film had already begun when we got to the cinema. We had learned six English songs by the end of last term. 3. 常見八種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 （1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/ is/ are +done The birthday cake is made by him. （2）一般過去時(shí)：was/ were +done The bike was broken yesterday. （3）一般將來時(shí)：shall/ will + be +done A new subway will be built in our city next year. （4）過去將來時(shí)：would/ should be + done It was said that a big surprise would be given to you. （5）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/ is/ are being + done A new park is being built now. （6）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/ were being + done Trees were being planted here this time last year. （7）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/ has been + done The experiment has been done successfully. （8）過去完成時(shí)：had been +done Book 1 had been finished learning (by us) till last week. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. —I haven’t seen your sister for a long time. —She ______ Beijing on business for a month. A. went to B. goes to C. had be in D. has been in 答案：D。本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法。通過特定的關(guān)鍵詞來判斷時(shí)態(tài)，是解答時(shí)態(tài)題必須掌握的一種能力。由關(guān)鍵詞for a month判斷，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 例 2. —Your classroom is really bright and clean. —It after school every day. A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. cleans 答案：A。本題考查的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。由“every day”可知教室被打掃是每天都發(fā)生的事，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式：am/ is /are+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。 例 3. —May I speak to Tom? —Sorry, he ________ France. But he ______ in a week. A. has been to; will come back B. has gone to; will be back C. has been in; would come back D. has gone to; won’t come back 答案：B。本題有明顯的表示將來的時(shí)間狀語in a week，而且本題為當(dāng)場發(fā)生的對話，所以第二空用一般將來時(shí)；在第一空中，have/ has gone to表示去了某地還沒回來，have/ has been to表示曾經(jīng)去過某地，have/ has been in則表示（住）在某地，根據(jù)答語sorry知John還沒回來。 例 4. —Do you know her well? —Sure. We friends since five years ago. A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 答案：B。本題有明顯的時(shí)間狀語since five years ago，句子中的謂語要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除A。而since通常不與瞬間動(dòng)詞連用，排除C和D。 例 5. The students returned to their classroom after a winter vacation only to find it ________. A. to be broken B. has broken into C. was broken D. had been broken into 答案：D。本句句意為：同學(xué)們在寒假結(jié)束后回到教室，發(fā)現(xiàn)教室被人闖入過。Only to引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語，break表示“打破，弄壞”，而break into則表示“闖入”。根據(jù)句意，所填空處應(yīng)是典型的過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 第八章 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣 一、 考試要點(diǎn) 1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法和特殊用法 2. 虛擬語氣在條件從句、賓語從句中的用法 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法 （1）can, could ① 表示能力（體力、知識、技能）、許可、可能性。 Can you lift this heavy box? Mary can speak three languages. ② 表示婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣。 —Can I go now? —Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. ③ 表示主觀推測，用于疑問句、否定句中。 Can this be true? This can’t be done by him. （2）may，might ① 表示允許或征詢對方許可。 —May/ Might I take this book out of the room? —Yes, you can. (No, you can’t/ mustn’t.) ② 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! ③ 表示推測、可能性（用于肯定句中）。 He may/ might be very busy now. （3） must，have to ① 表示必須、必要。 You must come in time. ② 否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to （不必）。 —Must we hand in our exercise books today? —No, you don’t have to/ you needn’t. ③ must是說話人的主觀看法，而have to則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。 His play isn’t interesting. I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age. ④ must表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）。 Your mother must be waiting for you now. （4）dare敢（常用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中） He dare not speak English before such a crowd, dare he? （5）need需要、必須 You needn’t come so early. （6）ought to應(yīng)該做的 You ought to go to class right away. （7）shall征求對方的意見（疑問句中，用于第一、三人稱） What shall we do this evening? （8）will ① 表示意志、意愿（各人稱)。 I will never do that again. ② 征求對方意見（疑問句中，用于第二人稱）。 Will you go shopping with me this afternoon? （9）should應(yīng)該（用于勸告、建議、命令等） I should help her because she is in trouble. （10）would ① 表示意志、意愿（語氣比will委婉）。 They asked him if he would go abroad. ② 過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。 During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. （11）had better好……相當(dāng)于助動(dòng)詞，后跟動(dòng)詞原形 You’d better do it now. 2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法： （1） should (ought to) have + done：原本該做……但未做 You ought to/ should have helped him. （2）should not (ought not to) have + done ：原本不該…… She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it. 3. 虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法 （1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況 其句型為“if + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞的過去式（be動(dòng)詞用were），主語+ would / could / might / should + 動(dòng)詞原形”。 If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai. If they had time, they would go with me. （2）表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況 其句型為“if + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞的過去完成式，主語 + would / could / should / might + have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”。 If I had taken his advice, I shouldn’t have made such a mistake. （3）表示與將來事實(shí)可能相反的情況。 其句型為“if + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞的過去式/ were/ should + 動(dòng)詞原形（were to +動(dòng)詞原形），主語 +would/ could/ might/ should + 動(dòng)詞原形”。 The glass would break if you dropped it. If it should rain, the crops would/ could/ might be saved. 4. 虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法 （1）wish后的賓語從句。 ① 動(dòng)詞用過去式表示目前未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。 I wish I knew the answer to the question. ② 用過去完成式表示在過去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。 I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time. ③ 用“would/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示對將來的主觀愿望。 I wish it would stop raining. （2）在 ask, desire，request，demand，require，beg，move，suggest，recommend，advise, decide，order，maintain，urge，insist 后的賓語從句中，常用“should（可省略）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”形式。 The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight. She insisted that I should finish the work at once. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. —How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? —It be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will B. would C. should D. must 答案：C。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。should譯為“應(yīng)該”，含有批評的語氣。 例 2. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where _______ I have put it? A. can B. must C. should D. would 答案：A。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。在否定和疑問句中只能用can表推測。 例 3. —My cat’s really fat. —You ______ have given her so much food. A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 答案：C。本題考查should not (ought not to ) have + done：原本不該……的用法。shouldn’ t have done表示本不應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上卻做了，含有責(zé)備的語氣。 例 4. —Did you catch the first bus this morning? —If I _______ earlier, I _______ the bus. A. got up; would catch B. should get up; could catch C. had got up; would have caught D. had got up; would catch 答案：C。本題考查虛擬語氣由條件狀語從句If引導(dǎo)的用法。先排除D項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)表示對現(xiàn)在的虛擬；B項(xiàng)表示對將來的虛擬；C項(xiàng)則表示對過去的虛擬。根據(jù)this morning可得知，該事已經(jīng)發(fā)生。 例 5. I wish I _____ you yesterday. A. seen B. had seen C. did see D. were to see 答案：B。本題考查wish后的賓語從句表示虛擬語氣的用法。表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用had+過去分詞；表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬，賓語從句中的謂語 動(dòng)詞用過去式。根據(jù)yeterday的提示，此處表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬。 第九章 非謂語動(dòng)詞 一、 考試要點(diǎn) 非謂語動(dòng)詞的分類、構(gòu)成以及在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞趾突居梅?二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的分類 動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞和分詞等三種形式。分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種。 2. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成（以動(dòng)詞do為例） （1）動(dòng)詞不定式：to do ( sth.) （2）動(dòng)名詞：doing (sth.) （3）分詞：doing (sth.) / done 3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞在句子中的成分和基本用法 （1）動(dòng)詞不定式：可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。 ① To learn English well is difficult. ② I want to go shopping with you. ③ My dream is to be an actor. ④ We always have a lot of homework to do. ⑤ To catch the bus, he got up very early this morning. ⑥ Our teacher asks us to clean the classroom every day. （2）動(dòng)名詞：可作主語、賓語、表語、定語。 ① Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. ② He enjoys listening to jazz. ③ My hobby is collecting stamps. ④ There is a swimming pool near my house. （3）分詞：作表 語、定語、狀語、 賓語補(bǔ)足語。 ① We were all excited when hearing the news. ② China is a developing country. ③ The students went to the bus stop, talking and laughing. ④ I saw him playing on the playground. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. Don’t forget a bag when you go shopping. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 答案：B。本題考查forget后跟動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的用法。forget to do表示“忘記要去做的事情”；而forget doing則表示“忘記已經(jīng)做過的事情”。本題的題干是：當(dāng)你去購物時(shí)，別忘了帶上袋子。 例 2. She tried hard, but she still couldn’t make us ______ our mind. A. to change B. changed C. change D. changing 答案：C。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。動(dòng)詞不定式在有些動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)不帶to，這些動(dòng)詞有兩類：一類是感官動(dòng)詞，如：hear，see，watch，notice，feel等；另一類是使役動(dòng)詞，如：let，have，make等。本句中的make則屬于該種用法。 例 3. I find _____ not good _____ bed late in the evening. A. it; going B. that; going C. it; to go to D. that; to go to 答案：C。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式中形式賓語的用法。當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語為動(dòng)詞不定式 時(shí)，須將動(dòng)詞不定式放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之后，而在賓語補(bǔ)足語之前用形式賓語it。本題中，to go to bed in the evening為動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，而not good則為賓語補(bǔ)足語。在這種情況下，需要添 加it作形式賓語。 例4. It is no fun ______ to the park again. A. going B. go C. went D. to go 答案：A。本題考查it/ there is no use/ good/ fun + doing這個(gè)固定用法。 例 5. _______ from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw 答案：C。本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別�，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語，它和句子的主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語不是句子的主語，它和句子的主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 第十章 介詞和介詞短語 一、考試要點(diǎn) 1.常見介詞 2.介詞短語的用法和易混介詞的異同 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. among，between among 意為“在……中間”，表示在三者或三者以上的中間；between 意為“在……之間”，表示在兩 者之間。 He is the tallest among the students. The apple is between two cups. 2. beside，besides，except，except for，but （1）beside意為“在……旁邊”，與by，at同義 I stood beside Tom. （2）besides意為“除……以外還有”，包含在整體之中。 Besides these honors he received a sum of money. （3）except 意為“除 ……之外”，從整體中減去。 We all failed except him. （4） except for 意為“只是”，除去的東西與前面提到的東西不同類。 The carpet is good except for its price. （5）but 意為“除……之外”，常用在no，不定式和疑問詞后。 No one but me passed the exam yesterday 3. to，in，on在方位名詞前的區(qū)別 （1）in表示“在某一范圍之內(nèi)” Taiwan is in the southeast of China. （2）to表示“在某一范圍之外” Japan lies to the east of China. （3）on表示“位于”，某地與某地相鄰 North Korea is on the east of China. 4. with，by，in表示行為的工具、手段、方式 （1）with用于有形的工具 He broke the window with a stone. （2）by用于無形的工具或方式手段 He makes a living by selling newspapers. （3）in使用材料，原料 I like to draw the picture in red ink. 5. in the way，in a way，by the way，on one’s way... （1）in the way擋路；妨礙 Her social life got in the way of her studies. （2）in a way 某個(gè)方面；在某種意義上 In a way, he was right. （3）by the way是個(gè)語氣詞，即“附帶說一句、順便問一下、順便說一聲”之意 By the way, has everybody arrived? （4）on one’s way在某人去……的路上 On his way home, he saw a very beautiful bird. 6. 常見的表示時(shí)間的介詞 （1）in 在…… ① in +年，月，年代，世紀(jì)，朝代，季節(jié)，上午，下午，晚上。 in the 20th century; in 1999; in winter; in September; in the morning/ afternoon/ evening ② 表示人生的一段時(shí)間。 in one’s life; in the school days （2）on在……，o n+日，節(jié)假日，星期幾，具體某一天的上午，下午或晚上。 on September 10th, on Christmas day, on Friday, on Monday evening。 （3）at ① 在……，at+某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：at 7:00。 ② at + 一段時(shí)間。如：at noon, at night。 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. Would you like some bread _____ your coffee? A. with B. to C. for D. in 答案：A。本題考查常用介詞的基本用法。選項(xiàng)C、D雖然在語法上成立，但在邏輯上行不通。用with（表示“和……一起”）后，本句的意思為：喝咖啡時(shí)吃面包。 例 2. Everything was perfect for the picnic ______ the weather. A. in spite of B. except C. except for D. in case of 答案：C。in spite of表示盡管；except表示除了之外；except for則為肯定整體，除去瑕疵；in case of表示以防萬一。句意為：除了天氣之外，一切都適合野餐。 例 3. Nancy has formed the habit of jogging ______ the street for one hour every day. A. between B. along C. below D. with 答案：B。根據(jù)句意：Nancy已經(jīng)形成每天沿著街道慢跑一個(gè)小時(shí)的習(xí)慣。表示“沿著”時(shí)，應(yīng)用along。 第十一章 主從復(fù)合句 一、考試要點(diǎn) 1. 主從復(fù)合句中從句引導(dǎo)詞的意義和基本用法 2. 名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句的基本用法 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 名詞性從句 名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。 （1）主語從句 ① It is bad news to him that he can’t go abroad for further study. ② Whether they will come or not is unknown. ③ Who will win the game is not clear. ( 2) 賓語從句 ① The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. ② I didn’t know what we should do next. ③ Could you tell me when your father will be back? （3）表語從句 ① The problem is that who can help us. ② The question is whether he will come or not. ③ That is why I was late. 2. 定語從句 （1）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 ①關(guān)系代詞：who（主）、whom（賓）、whose（定）；先行詞為指人的名詞或代詞。 Do you know the woman who is talking with our teacher? He is the man whom they are looking for. She is the girl whose mother is a doctor. ② 關(guān)系代詞：that(主/賓）；先行詞既可指人，也可指物；或人和物一起。 It was the most interesting novel that I have ever read. I’ll never forget the people and things that I met when I lived in the countryside. He is the boy that I want to know. （2）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 ① when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞或代詞。 The days when people lived a miserable life were gone. ② where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。 This is the factory where my father works. ③ why表原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。先行詞通常為reason。 That is the reason why I was late. 3. 狀語從句 （1）時(shí)間狀語從句 由 when， while， as，until，till，before，after， as soon as 等引導(dǎo)。 We’ll let her know it as soon as she comes back. （2）原因狀語從句 由 as， since， because 等引導(dǎo)。 Since it is raining heavily, let’s watch TV at home. （3）結(jié)果狀語從句 由so ... that， such ... that 等引導(dǎo)。 The book is so interesting that I want to read it again. （4）條件狀語從句 由 if，unless，so(as) long as，in case 等引導(dǎo)。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking. （5）讓步狀語從句 由though， although， even if( though)， however， whatever，as 等。 He couldn’t come to the party though he wanted to. （6）方式狀語從句 由 as，as if (though)等引導(dǎo)。 We should do as our parents tell us. （7）目的狀語從句 由 so that, in order that 等引導(dǎo)。 We got up very early this morning in order that we could catch the first bus. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. This is the most beautiful city _____ I have ever visited. A. that B. when C. which D. where 答案：A。本題考查定語從句的用法。先行詞city前有高級the most beautiful修飾，所以定語從句只能用that引導(dǎo)。 例 2. Please tell us _____ to the Qiushui Square. A. how can we reach B. how we can reach C. how can we get D. how we can get 答案：D。本題考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句中要用陳述語序，而reach為及物動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于get to。 例 3. The girl gave me a hand was in a blue dress. A. who B. whose C. which D. when 答案：A。本題考查定語從句的用法。此處先行詞為the girl，指人，因此首先可以排除 which和when。在從句中，缺少主語，所以可以確定此處應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞who。 例 4. Jingdong.com is a popular website people can sell and buy goods conveniently. A. where B. which C. that D. what 答案：A。本題考查關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中的用法。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，表示在……的地方。本題的題干意為：京東網(wǎng)是一個(gè)很受歡迎的網(wǎng)站，在這個(gè)網(wǎng)站，人們買賣貨物都很方便。 例 5. she did was hard to understand. A. What B. Whatever C. That D. Which 答案：A。本題考查關(guān)聯(lián)詞what在主語從句中的成分及含義。在本題主語從句中“what she did”中，what作主語，意為“所……的”。而whatever意為“無論什么”；that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，不承擔(dān)句子成分并且無具體含義，因此B，C均不是正確選項(xiàng)。which隨人在從句中可以承 擔(dān)主語成分，但意為“哪一個(gè)”，因此也不是正確答案。
第十二章 主謂一致 一、考試要點(diǎn) 主謂一致的原則和基本用法 二、知識要點(diǎn) 主謂一致是指主語和謂語必須保持人稱和數(shù)的變化的一致，即句子中謂語的變化要根據(jù) 句子主語的人稱和數(shù)的形式來決定。 （1）主語是抽象概念短語或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)形式。 What he said is true. （2）兩個(gè)以上的主語用and或both連接時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Both my father and my mother are workers. （3）and連接的兩個(gè)名詞指同一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。 The professor and writer was present at the meeting just now. （4）集體名詞：如family，class，team，group，committee，audience等作為整體意義時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)形式；如若指各個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 My family is a happy one. My family are all fond of singing. （5）主語是單數(shù)而后面有 as well as，with，together with，like，but，except 等短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)用單數(shù)形式。 She as well as her friends always goes shopping on Sundays. （6）兩個(gè)主語 兩個(gè)主語由not only ... but also，either ... or，neither ... nor相連接時(shí)，在肯定句中謂語變化取決于后面；在疑問句中取決于前者。 Either he or I am wrong. （7）主語為有生命的集體名詞。如：people，police，cattle等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The police are looking for the missing boy. （8）金錢、時(shí)間、重量、長度和距離等名詞作主語，雖為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Ten minutes is enough. （9）a number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 A number of the books are Chinese. The number of the books in our school library is twenty thousand. （10）one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ who/ which引導(dǎo)定語從句，who/ which在定語從句中做主語，從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；the ( only) one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/ which引導(dǎo)定語從句，who/ which在從句中做主 語， 從句謂語用單數(shù)。 Tom is one of those people who have trouble making up his mind. Tom is the one of those people who has trouble making up his mind. （11）在there be句型中，并列的兩個(gè)主語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞按就近原則。 There is a book and some pens on the floor. There are some pens and a book on the floor. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. Everyone except Li Ming and Wang Yang ______ there when the party began. A. was B. is C. are D. were 答案：A。本題考查主語后面接 with，together with，including，like，as well as，except，but 等短語時(shí)的主謂一致問題。當(dāng)主語接上述這些短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞不受這些詞語的干擾，依然和主語本身保持一致。本題的主語是everyone，后接單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。 例 2. A number of cars _______ parked in front of the park every day. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：B。本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法以及a number of和the number of的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意every day,可確定本句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，先排除C、D項(xiàng)。A number of表示“一些，若干”，后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，其謂語動(dòng)詞也要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式；the number of表示“……的數(shù)量”，后 跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，但謂語動(dòng)詞要使用單數(shù)形式。 例 3. Neither he nor I going to do sports after class. A. am B. is C. are D. be 答案：A。本題考查由neither… nor連接的兩個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)就近原則與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致這一用法。此處鄰近的主語是I，因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用am。 例 4. Nine years quite a long time. A. is B. are C. were D. have been 答案：A。本題考查時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等概念的詞作主語時(shí)的主謂一致問題。當(dāng)上述詞語作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)將其視為整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 例 5. Both Tom and his mother _____ Hainan for Summer vacation. A. has gone to B. have gone to C. have been to D. has been to 答案：B。本題考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)的主謂一致以及have/ has been to和have/ has gone to的區(qū)別。have/ has been to表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來）” ；have/ has gone to表示“去了某 地（現(xiàn)在還沒回來）”。題干意為：Tom和他爸爸都去海南過暑假了。因此此處應(yīng)選用have/ has gone to。用and或both ... and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第十三章 倒裝句 一、考試要點(diǎn) 倒裝的概念，分類及基本用法 二、知識要點(diǎn) 1. 定義 倒裝是指謂語動(dòng)詞在主語前的這種語序。倒裝分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。 完全倒裝：Out rushed the boys to welcome the visitors. 部分倒裝 ：Are you a student? 2. 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的基本用法 （1）否定意義的副詞：如：hardly，never，not， little， few，seldom等放在句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝。 Seldom have I met her recently. （2）only +狀語位于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝。 Only through his help, can we succeed in solving the problem. （3）so (neither, nor) +be(have，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+主語 He has been to Yunnan, so have I. （4）here (there, now, then) +不及物動(dòng)詞+主語的句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子完全倒裝。但代詞做主語時(shí)，主謂語序不變。 There goes the bell. Here you are. （5）省略if的虛擬句型中，句子部分倒裝。 Were he here, he would help us. （6）no sooner ... than ...，hardly … when，not until 句型中，主句部分倒裝。No sooner had he gone out than the bell rang. （7）由as（雖然）引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，用倒裝形式。 Tired as he was, he kept on working. 三、實(shí)例分析 例 1. —I won’t go to Tiananmen Square in such a hot day. Will you? —If you don’t, I. A. So am B. Nor do C. So will D. Nor will 答案：D。本題考查“neither/nor助動(dòng)詞+主語”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。這是前面所說的否定內(nèi)容表示同樣的看法。而If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 例 2. Never _____ such a good English teacher before I came to this school. A. do I meet B. had I met C. I met D. I had met 答案：B。本題考查否定詞提前的部分倒裝。將含有否定含義的副詞（如never，seldom，not， little等）置于句首以示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，句中的主謂部分倒裝。 例 3. Only in this way ______ the final Math exam. A. can we pass B. we can pass C. can pass we D. pass can we 答案：A。本題考查only引起的倒裝。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)only及其修飾的狀語，常將它們移到句首，句中的主謂要部分倒裝。 例 4. —Listen, there ________. —Oh, yes. There . A. goes the telephone bell; it goes B. goes the telephone bell; goes it C. the telephone bell goes; it goes D. the telephone bell goes; goes it 答案：A。本題考查以there開頭的倒裝句的用法。當(dāng)句子以副詞here， there， now， then 等詞開頭，且謂語動(dòng)詞是be，come，go等不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如果主語是名詞，要完全倒裝；如果主語是人稱代詞，仍用陳述語序。 例 5. Lucy had made great progress this term. , and . A. So she has; so you have B. So she has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 答案：B。本題考查“so主語+助動(dòng)詞”和“so+助動(dòng)詞+主語”這兩種句型的區(qū)別。題干的 意思是：Lucy這學(xué)期取得了很大進(jìn)步。她確實(shí)取得了很大進(jìn)步，你也一樣。回答者中的第一個(gè)選項(xiàng)表示對前者的話表示贊同，主語是同一個(gè)人——Lucy，因此不用倒裝。第二個(gè)選的主語 是you，表示：你和Lucy的情況一樣，要用倒裝。 完形填空的考核要求 完形填空是英語考試題中一種難度較高的綜合能力測試題，此題涉及的知識面廣，綜合能力強(qiáng)，不但考查學(xué)生對語篇理解的連貫性，而且也考查語言使用的準(zhǔn)確性�？v觀近幾年的江西省高等職業(yè)學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試試題，完形填空的考點(diǎn)主要側(cè)重于以下幾個(gè)方面： 1. 空格涉及以考查文義為主，信息詞匯（名詞，動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞，連詞，代詞等實(shí)詞為主）比重比較大，其中數(shù)詞，冠詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞均未涉及過。 2. 降低了考查單詞本身詞義的要求，常常結(jié)合具體語言環(huán)境以及文句之間關(guān)系的理解。 突出了對文章整體理解能力的考查，側(cè)重測試英語習(xí)慣用法和英美語言文化背景知識的掌握。
完形填空答題基本技巧 做完形填空A部分時(shí)，通常要弄清語境，并依據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行合理的分析，判斷才能做出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)。具體可以分為以下三步： 1．通覽全文，應(yīng)先越過空格，通讀全文，理順題目的意思，找出信息詞。這是做好完形填空的關(guān)鍵，因?yàn)橥晷翁羁盏奶攸c(diǎn)著眼于整體理解。我們應(yīng)該依據(jù)首句的啟示，通過邏輯思維，借助短文中關(guān)鍵詞所提供的信息，越過空格，盡快把全文讀完，建立語言的整體感，幫助我們了解短文大意。 2.仔細(xì)推敲，初定答案。在通讀全文，了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上，便著手答題。答題時(shí)要依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容要求，結(jié)合文章的主題，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯，語法知識，對每個(gè)空進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析，反復(fù)推敲，從而確定答案。 3. 復(fù)讀檢查，消除漏洞。完成所有的空缺后，應(yīng)再次通讀全文，看行文是否連貫，邏輯關(guān)系是否合理。復(fù)檢時(shí)，可以語法入手檢查時(shí)態(tài)，主謂一致，代詞的性，名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，名詞的所有格以及詞語的搭配是否正確。遇到疑點(diǎn)，須根據(jù)中心思想，從語義，語法上加以權(quán)衡。 閱讀理解的考核要求 閱讀是我國考生接觸英語，了解英語國家的文化和中西文化的異同點(diǎn)，培養(yǎng)跨文化意識的主要途徑，是高中英語教學(xué)和測試評價(jià)的重點(diǎn)。因此，閱讀理解在試卷中所占權(quán)重較大。該部分要求考生讀懂公告、說明、廣告以及書、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文章�？忌鷳�(yīng)能： (1)理解文章主旨要義 任何一篇文章都有一個(gè)主旨要義。有時(shí)從文章的第一個(gè)段落，甚至第一個(gè)句子即可得出文章的主旨要義。從這一段或這個(gè)句子讀者會知道文章描述的是誰或什么(即文章的主題)，也會了解作者希望讀者了解主題哪些方面的內(nèi)容。有時(shí)，文章的主旨要義則需從文章的字里行間進(jìn)行推斷。這類試題主要考查考生略讀文章、領(lǐng)會大意的能力，它對考生的歸納、概括能力(如確定文章的標(biāo)題)有一定的要求。 (2)理解文中具體信息 文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人員往往會要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋找所需的細(xì)節(jié)。這類試題的答案有時(shí)比較直接，理解字面意思即可答題；有時(shí)則較為間接，需要?dú)w納、概括和推理才能答題。 (3)根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義 正確理解文章中單詞或短語的含義是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基礎(chǔ)。不懂單詞含義根本就談不上理解文章。英語單詞的含義并非完全等同于詞典中所標(biāo)注的漢語意思，其含義隨不同的語境會有所不同。能根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活變化的詞義，才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。閱讀文章時(shí)，常常會遇到一些生詞，但許多這類生詞的詞義可以通過上下文推斷出來。這種不使用詞典而通過閱讀上下文來推斷生詞含義的能力，是一個(gè)合格的讀者所必須具備的能力，因此也是閱讀測試中經(jīng)常檢測的一種能力。考生應(yīng)能運(yùn)用閱讀策略，在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)快速獲取和處理語篇中的信息，達(dá)到克服生詞障礙，準(zhǔn)確猜測詞義的目的。 (4)作出簡單判斷和推測 閱讀文章的主要目的是獲取信息，即理解作者所要傳達(dá)的信息。在實(shí)際的閱讀活動(dòng)中， 有時(shí)需要根據(jù)文章提供的事實(shí)和線索，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推測(infer)作者未提到的事實(shí)或某事發(fā)生的可能性等。 (5)理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 英語文章講究使用主題段和主題句。主題段通常在文章開頭，簡要概括文章的主題。主題句可能在一段的開頭，也可能在中間或末尾，作用是交代該段的中心思想，再由全段展開或討論這個(gè)主題。各個(gè)段落通常由某些起連接作用的詞語連接，以使文章行文連貫。如果希望準(zhǔn)確、深刻地理解一篇文章，必須對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解，把握住全篇的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。對這種能力的考查，一般反映在理解文中某一段落的作用或某些詞語的指代關(guān)系的題目中。 (6)理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度 每篇文章都有一個(gè)特定的寫作目的，或是向讀者傳遞某個(gè)信息，或是愉悅讀者，或是講授某個(gè)道理。而這些信息通常并不是明確地表達(dá)出來，而是隱含在文章之中。因此，這類問題要求考生在理解文章總體內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，去領(lǐng)會作者的言外之意。 (7)判斷文章的背景和出處 每篇文章一般都有其相應(yīng)的背景。考生在考試時(shí)不可能直接從媒體上閱讀文章，而是從命題者摘選的篇章間接閱讀。因此，考生除了理解文章主旨、細(xì)節(jié)、作者意圖等信息外，還應(yīng)從文章的題材、體裁、內(nèi)容、語言特點(diǎn)等方面來判斷文章的背景和出處。
情景交際的考核要求 補(bǔ)全對話題型要求考生閱讀一則對話，并從所給的7個(gè)或5個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出5個(gè)，將對話補(bǔ)全，具有較強(qiáng)的口語交際功能。主要考查考生在特定的語境中比較得體地表達(dá)自己的連貫意思的能力，是以筆試的形式考查考生英語口語交際能力，目的是為了彌補(bǔ)當(dāng)前英語考試中尚無法進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一口試的不足。其特點(diǎn)是注重交際應(yīng)用，強(qiáng)調(diào)對交際對話篇的整體理解。補(bǔ)全對話題涉及的題材非常廣泛，注重應(yīng)用性，考生應(yīng)該熟練掌握大綱中所列的話題和功能項(xiàng)目。
寫作的考核要求 寫作是四項(xiàng)語言技能中不可分割的一個(gè)重要部分，更是語言生成能力的重要表現(xiàn)形式。該部分要求考生根據(jù)情景和提示，在語篇中用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空以及書面表述事實(shí)、觀點(diǎn)、情感和想象內(nèi)容�？忌鷳�(yīng)能： (1)正確拼寫單詞 單詞拼寫是英語寫作的基本的技能�？忌鷳�(yīng)在理解語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)句子意義、結(jié)構(gòu)、單詞在句子中的位置以及提示，拼寫出形式正確的單詞。 (2)準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用語法和詞匯 語言的準(zhǔn)確性是寫作中不可忽視的一個(gè)重要方面，因?yàn)樗苯踊蜷g接地影響到信息的準(zhǔn)確傳輸。準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯是寫作部分評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。 (3)靈活運(yùn)用句型和詞匯，清楚、連貫地表達(dá)思想 任何一篇文章都需要有一個(gè)主題，考生應(yīng)該圍繞該主題，靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)句型、詞組、關(guān)聯(lián)詞等，恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w、清楚、連貫地表達(dá)自己的思想。
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