The net cost of making a name for yourself

　　Companies are paying up $10,000 to register a domain name on the Internet even though there is no guarantee that they will get the name they want.

　　The task of registering domains ending in .com, .org., edu. And .net is at present contracted out by the US government to the Virginia-based company Network Solutions. The contract runs out this year, and the government wants to bring in a different scheme.

　　But last year, an ad hoc committee of the Internet’s great and good revealed its own plan. This involved setting up seven new domains, each indicating the kind of business or organization using that name. The committee recruited 88 companies around the world to act as registrars for its .firm, .ship, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains. The US government has still to give the system its blessing, and may yet push ahead with its original scheme. Despite this, the 88 registrars have been taking applications for several months. They are due to start registering names this month with the Internet Council of registrars, which grew out of the ad hoc committee.　　To prevent conflicting names from being registered, the council will take one name from each registrar in turn before going back for the second name in their queues, and so on. This has led to a flourishing trade, with companies trying to buy a place near the head of the queue. Global Names of Singapore is charging $10,000 to make sure request for a name is the first one it sends off to the central database. Other registrars are charging nonrefundable deposits for places at the top of the queue. David Maher, chairman of the Policy Oversight Committee that is helping to set up and oversee the system, says that all registrars are subject to local laws regarding consumer protection and competition. But he says that the committee “will not act as an enforcement body in this area.”　　1. The domain name “.edu” is operated by

　　A) the US government

　　B) the company Network Solutions

　　C) Internet Council of Registrars　　D)Both A and B

　　2. the .firm, .ship, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains are NOT run by

　　A) a temporary committee organized by Internet’s influential services

　　B) The US government.

　　C) 88 registrars

　　D) Internet Council of Registrars　　3. Global Names of Singapore is

　　A) a company which applies for a name on the Internet

　　B) a registrar　　C) a company under the supervision of Policy Oversight Committee

　　D) the central database　　4. How can a company successfully register a name with the Internet?

　　A) It must pay up to $10,000 or a nonrefundable deposit.

　　B) Its application must be the first one at the top of the registration queue.　　C) It must get approval from the Policy Oversight Committee.

　　D) Both A and B.　　5. What is the meaning of the phrases “net cost” in the title?

　　A) The amount of money covering the basics.　　B) The registration fee for a domain name on the Internet.

　　C) The amount of money for the construction of a network in a company.　　D) The amount of money paid to the Internet service annually

　　答案及解析　　1.文章標(biāo)題分析：The net cost of making a name for yourself

　　借助文章開(kāi)頭的相關(guān)語(yǔ)句，進(jìn)一步了解文章的標(biāo)題/文章中心：

　　Companies are paying up $10,000 to register a domain name(域名) on the Internet even though there is no guarantee that they will get the name they want.

　　補(bǔ)充：　　pay back v. 報(bào)復(fù) (= pay off, pay out, serve out) , 償還;償付

　　e.g. How can I pay you back for all your kindness?你的這番好意我該怎么報(bào)答呢?

　　pay off v.還清;報(bào)復(fù);結(jié)清工資解雇(某人)　　pay up v.(不情愿地)付清;還清(債務(wù))　　Domain n.領(lǐng)土, 領(lǐng)地, (活動(dòng)、學(xué)問(wèn)等的)范圍, 領(lǐng)域

　　近義詞：field， sphere

　　2.直接看問(wèn)題句及備選項(xiàng)，注意它們?cè)诰湟猓�用詞及結(jié)構(gòu)上的特點(diǎn)。

　　1. The domain name “.edu” (特征詞/線索詞)is operated by (核心結(jié)構(gòu))___.

　　A) the US government　　B) the company Network Solutions

　　C) Internet Council of Registrars　　D)Both A and B

　　題目分析：細(xì)節(jié)題(是非題)。　　被選項(xiàng)分析：重點(diǎn)主題A和B這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)是否在文章中出現(xiàn)，它們與問(wèn)題的關(guān)系。

　　B.解題分析：：借助題干中的答案線索(.edu)，這樣直接找到答案相關(guān)句，分析句意確認(rèn)答案B。

　　The task of registering domains ending in .com, .org., edu. and .net is at present contracted out (解答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu))by the US government (與A有關(guān)) to the Virginia-based company Network Solutions (與B有關(guān)). The contract runs out this year, (該結(jié)構(gòu)可幫助了解“contracted out”的含義)and the government wants to bring in a different scheme.

　　考點(diǎn)：考察特殊短語(yǔ)(contracted out)的含義�！　⊙a(bǔ)充：　　run out v.跑出, 離開(kāi), 完成, 被用完

　　bring in v.生產(chǎn), 介紹引進(jìn)

　　比較：

　　bring into v.使開(kāi)始　　bring into action v.使開(kāi)始行動(dòng)

　　2. the .firm, .ship, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains (線索結(jié)構(gòu))are NOT run (關(guān)鍵詞/核心詞)by ___.

　　A) a temporary committee organized by Internet’s influential services

　　B) The US government.　　C) 88 registrars(注冊(cè)處)

　　D) Internet Council of Registrars

　　題目分析：細(xì)節(jié)題(是非題)。這類題可能往往需要考生進(jìn)行推斷/判斷。

　　被選項(xiàng)分析：同時(shí)可利用各被選項(xiàng)中的核心詞作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句。

　　B.解題分析：借助題干中的答案線索，這樣直接找到答案相關(guān)句：　　But last year, an ad hoc (專門的)committee of the Internet’s great and good (頭面人物)(與A有關(guān))revealed its own plan. This involved setting up seven new domains, each indicating the kind of business or organization using that name. The committee (指代：an ad hoc (專門的)committee of the Internet’s great and good (頭面人物))recruited 88 companies (與C有關(guān))around the world to act as registrars for its.firm, .ship, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains. (可見(jiàn)88 registrars參與了.firm, .ship, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains的經(jīng)營(yíng))The US government has still to give the system its blessing, and may yet push ahead with its original scheme. Despite this, the 88 registrars have been taking applications for several months. They are due to start registering names this month with the Internet Council of registrars, which grew out of the ad hoc committee.(可見(jiàn)D也與.firm, .ship, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains的經(jīng)營(yíng)有關(guān)系)

　　考點(diǎn)：考察考生的推斷和判斷能力。往往在句意關(guān)系復(fù)雜的句子上出題�！　⊙a(bǔ)充：　　involve vt(常與in連用)牽涉, 包括, 使陷入 　　e.g. Dont involve other people in your trouble.別把別人牽涉進(jìn)你的麻煩中去。

　　e.g. This lesson involves a lot of work. 這一課需要做的工作有很多。

　　due adj(常與to連用)欠的;應(yīng)給的; 預(yù)定的，欠債的;欠付的：　　e.g. Our thanks are due to him. 我們要感謝他。

　　e.g. Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 他們的飛機(jī)預(yù)定在15分鐘后到達(dá)

　　e.g. the amount still due.欠付的款額

　　Blessing n祝福;祈福，批準(zhǔn);鼓勵(lì)　　e.g. Father gave his blessing to our holidays plans. 父親同意了我們度假的計(jì)劃。

　　Which:

　　e.g. The movie which was shown later was better.后來(lái)上映的電影較好看

　　e.g. He left early, which was wise.他早早地離開(kāi)，那是很明智的

　　e.g. Choose which you like best.選你喜歡的 　　The body clock

　　From Valuing Childhood

　　主題理解---The value of childhood is easily blurred(變得模糊不清楚) in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in ., schoolyard shooting case..

　　語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，多為簡(jiǎn)單句或簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合句。但是由于文章主題的原因，有些句子并不太容易理解，這些句子句意的理解可能需要借助上下文，如：

　　(Despite horror at what was done, children are not – cannot be –dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized.) That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.

　　補(bǔ)充：

　　beside the point adv.離題, 不中肯　　to the point adv.中肯, 切中要點(diǎn) 　　可以看出：理工AB級(jí)閱讀理解考題中，所選擇的文章主題基本上都與科技有關(guān)，也可能涉及其他類的主題，如自然地理，社會(huì)文化等。文章主題較容易理解。通常會(huì)有1篇左右的文章是直接選擇當(dāng)年的職稱英語(yǔ)用書上閱讀理解部分的文章，但其文章后的問(wèn)題通常會(huì)有變動(dòng)。

　　閱讀理解解題思路分析：　　閱讀理解是職稱英語(yǔ)考試中重點(diǎn)考察的對(duì)象，本部分為3篇文章，每篇300-450詞，主要考察考生對(duì)文章中心和細(xì)節(jié)信息的理解能力。閱讀理解也是對(duì)解題技巧的測(cè)試。做題時(shí)可行的方法是：先看文章題目(title)，然后是看文章后面的問(wèn)題(problems)，后才是文章(main body)。 在閱讀文章時(shí)應(yīng)該注意進(jìn)行有目的的閱讀：在閱讀中跳過(guò)(skip over)不相關(guān)的信息(information unconcerned)，節(jié)約時(shí)間直達(dá)問(wèn)題的答案。

　　在閱讀中還應(yīng)關(guān)注段首句：如果所要閱讀的文章是議論文或說(shuō)明文，則段首句往往是主題句 -- 該段論述/說(shuō)明中心，因此主題句有助于迅速的查找問(wèn)題答案。

　　對(duì)于文章后面的問(wèn)題：有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)方面的問(wèn)題的設(shè)置基本上是按照文章的發(fā)展順序，即：通常第二題答案的位置通常在第一題答案所在位置的后面，所以如果第一題答案在第一段，則第二題答案可能在第二段或第三段中;所以可按照問(wèn)題設(shè)置的順序在對(duì)應(yīng)的相關(guān)段進(jìn)行答案查找。同時(shí)對(duì)于有關(guān)文章主題方面的問(wèn)題，可以放在后來(lái)處理，或借助文章的開(kāi)頭，結(jié)尾，及文章各段的段首句綜合加以判斷。

　　在尋找答案時(shí)可以采用通過(guò)所問(wèn)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞(題干中核心結(jié)構(gòu)中(主語(yǔ)/謂語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ))的用詞和修飾語(yǔ)(起修飾作用的形容詞/副詞))和/或特征詞(題干中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間，數(shù)字，人名，地名等容易在文章中進(jìn)行查找和確認(rèn)的詞匯/結(jié)構(gòu))進(jìn)行答案的查找。

　　快速而正確地解讀閱讀理解的主要關(guān)鍵在于：1. 準(zhǔn)確而迅速地讀懂文章后面的問(wèn)題，尤其問(wèn)題的含意是肯定還是否定的，一定要弄清楚; 2. 解讀閱讀理解答案位置的快速確定;3. 在選擇答案時(shí)排除法的運(yùn)用;4.識(shí)別答案陷阱;

　　本講教學(xué)目的　　通過(guò)具體例題的分析講解，向考生介紹有效的閱讀理解題的解題方法，同時(shí)借助文章進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和詞匯的復(fù)習(xí)。