第 4 部分：閱讀理解 (第 3 1-4 5 題，每題3 分，共 4 5 分)

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　　第 1 篇 W alking to Exercise the B rain

　　Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting s ome exercise m a y help, too.

　　N e w research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn’t exercise.

　　Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember, and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who d o n ’t. Their brain cells also m a k e more connections.

　　Neuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for people. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77，after each person walked 1 mile. Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer keys to sho w which w a y one particular arrow was pointing.

　　Adults w h o were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, and their answers were just as accurate as their less fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.

　　In a second study, 15 elderly people w h o completed a 6-month aerobic-training course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors w h o just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time.

　　So, even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news for your grandparents.

　　The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven’t been studied yet. Still, it can’t hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friends. Y o u might even do better in school.

　　Whatever you do, though, d o n ’t try to read and walk at the same time. Y o u could end up hurting yourself!

　　31. Walking regularly helps elderly people_____ .

　　A. lose weight

　　B. b ecome happier

　　C. concentrate better .

　　D. look younger

　　32. After taking exercise for a few weeks, the mice were found to h a v e_____ .

　　A. higher blood pressure

　　B. faster heartbeat

　　C. more blood flow to the brain

　　D. better appearance

　　33. T he first study on 41 elderly people found_____ .

　　A. the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster

　　B. the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster

　　C. the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers

　　D. the fitter participants gave more accurate answers

　　34. It can be good for health w h e n one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least _____ .

　　A. 3 minutes

　　B. 45 minutes

　　C. 30 minutes

　　D. 10 minutes

　　35. It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should

　　A.run around once a wee k

　　B.not read and walk at the same time

　　C.go for a walk every day

　　D.not hurt their friends while exercising