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2017年中石油職稱英語(yǔ)新版選讀文章系列(38)

時(shí)間:2016-08-24 16:10:00   來(lái)源:無(wú)憂考網(wǎng)     [字體: ]
To Be Content with One's Lot樂(lè)天知命

  1.Peter Hessler described two lifestyles and asked his Chinese students to choose the one they preferred, either a very long yet ultimately average and uneventful life, or a very exciting, fan-filled life that only lasted 24 years. Almost all of his 20 something year old students chose the first option. This surprised Peter because, from his experience with American youths, he was sure the Americans wouldn't have chosen a long, uneventful life.

  1、彼得•赫斯勒請(qǐng)他的中國(guó)學(xué)生在以下兩種生活方式中選擇其一:一種是平庸卻長(zhǎng)壽,另一種是只能活24年卻享樂(lè)無(wú)比。那些20歲左右的學(xué)生們幾乎都選擇了第一種生活。彼得十分驚訝,在他看來(lái)美國(guó)青年并不會(huì)如此一致地選擇平庸但長(zhǎng)壽的生活。

  2.The Chinese traditionally think an uneventful, but long life is better than a short life fall of fan and adventure. There's even an idiom for the traditional Chinese attitude, "A good death is worse than a lazy life." This saying reveals a deeply ingrained sense of optimism and acceptance of fate. It's nothing at all like the Western idea of heroes made through tragedy.

  2、無(wú)聊無(wú)趣但天長(zhǎng)地久地活下去,好過(guò)冒生命之險(xiǎn)求得享樂(lè)的*,這似乎是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的價(jià)值觀。有習(xí)語(yǔ)為證:“好死不如賴活著!彼嘎冻龈畹俟痰臉(lè)觀與宿命。與英雄產(chǎn)生于悲劇的西方價(jià)值觀完全不同。

  3.30 years ago, at the beginning of China's reform, a group of intellectuals believed the acceptance of one's lot would hurt the growth of the People's Republic. The way they saw it, the Westerners' "seafaring culture" had allowed them to expand and advance while China's "agrarian culture" had shut the country off from the world and kept it focusing on itself.

  3、30年前改革開放之初,一批知識(shí)分子認(rèn)為樂(lè)天知命、安于本分的傳統(tǒng)觀念有害于中華民族的發(fā)展。在他們看來(lái),西方的“藍(lán)色文明”使其開放、進(jìn)步;而中國(guó)的“黃土文化”使之封閉、守成。

  4.Researching the unique traits of a nationality can reveal a number of interesting features. David N. Keightly is a professor of history at the University of California Berkerley1 and he made a study of the unique attitudes of the Chinese people. He believed their acceptance of fate originates from a geographical standpoint. The birthplace of the Chinese civilization is the Central Plains where the climate has less variation than the Mediterranean or the Near East. China's two main rivers, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, both run from West to East, and don't change much in latitude. This means the cultivation both upstream and downstream are very similar. This uniformity of the agrarian culture reduced the incentive for mutual trade and the need for people to travel very far. Hence, the exchange of thoughts, ideas and technology became restricted and the ancient Chinese culture tended to isolate itself within their regions of influence.

  4、研究一個(gè)民族的某種特性是件有趣的事情。美國(guó)加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的歷史學(xué)教授大衛(wèi)•凱特利從地理決定論的觀點(diǎn)出發(fā),分析了中國(guó)人樂(lè)天知命的特性。他認(rèn)為這種特性是由中國(guó)特有的地理環(huán)境所決定的。與地中海和近東地區(qū)相比,中國(guó)文明的發(fā)祥地中原地區(qū)的氣候類型更加有規(guī)律可尋。中國(guó)的兩大主要河流——黃河和長(zhǎng)江——都是自西向東流,而且它們的緯度變化也不大,這意味著河流上游和下游所種植的農(nóng)作物類型差別不大。因此就缺乏了相互貿(mào)易的動(dòng)力,中國(guó)的古代文明自然就成為農(nóng)耕文明。而那些很少旅行的人們就沒(méi)有可能去交流思想和技術(shù),封閉由此產(chǎn)生。

  5.According to Professor Keightly's theory, the climate of ancient China was very good. This would create a sense of optimism in the Chinese culture. In comparison, the people of the Mediterranean and the Near East had to face more natural disasters and were less optimistic. Besides the geographical factor which influences the development of cultures, Keightley believes the Chinese practice of ancestor worship has significantly influenced the makeup of the Chinese people. Keightley says, "I believe, the cultures that engage in ancestor worship are going to be conservative cultures. They're not going to find new things attractive because, that will be a challenge to the ancestors. There's no room in this culture for a skeptic."

  5、凱特利教授相信中國(guó)古代的氣候良好,因此生成了中國(guó)文化中的那種樂(lè)觀主義。相比較之下,無(wú)論是地中海還是近東,都面臨著更多的的自然災(zāi)害,因而少了些樂(lè)觀。除了地理環(huán)境對(duì)文化發(fā)展的影響,凱特利教授認(rèn)為中國(guó)人對(duì)祖先的崇拜也極深地影響了中國(guó)人的特性。凱特利教授相信:“這種祖先崇拜的文化,是一種保守的文化。你不會(huì)去發(fā)現(xiàn)新的有吸引力的東西,因?yàn)槟鞘菍?duì)祖先的挑戰(zhàn)。中國(guó)文化中沒(méi)有懷疑的余地!

  6.Chinese people tend to want to return to the past, while Westerners are always looking towards the future. By comparing their lives to the past, it creates an unlimited feeling of satisfaction. With no other desires, people in ancient times had the opportunity to coexist harmoniously with nature. They worked towards an existence where their social development was in sync with the natural world. This sort of self-satisfaction and oneness with nature helped Chinese people develop a more optimistic attitude towards life.

  6、中國(guó)人趨向于回顧過(guò)去,而西方人更多的是展望未來(lái)。與過(guò)去相比較,就會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)下的生活生出無(wú)限的滿足感。無(wú)欲無(wú)求,人們就能夠定下心來(lái)與自然和諧相處,努力達(dá)到天人合一的境界。這種自我滿足以及與自然和諧共存,使中國(guó)人產(chǎn)生出樂(lè)觀的生活態(tài)度。

  7.The Westerners have the opposite approach because they fear the uncertainty of the fixture. This leads them to work hard in changing their current situation in the hope of making tomorrow better than today. During this process, it's almost impossible to abide by the rules of the natural world or human nature. The idea of being content with one's lot is hard-pressed to take hold in this sort of environment.

  7、西方人的觀點(diǎn)與此相反。對(duì)未來(lái)的不確定感,促使他們努力改變現(xiàn)狀,以期明天比今天更好。在努力的過(guò)程中難免會(huì)違反自然規(guī)律和扭曲人性。樂(lè)天知命、安于本分的價(jià)值觀在這樣的文化氛圍中是難以形成的。

  8.Over these past few decades, the ideas of the West and the East have practically been reversed. The Chinese people have little choice but to drop the traditional idea of being content with one's lot if they want to improve their economic standing. They now emulate the West in opening up and becoming more enterprising. Unfortunately, this process of chasing materialistic dreams results in the destruction of nature. People have had to deal with increasing pressure and the income gap between rich and poor has become larger and larger. People are beginning to realize that the traditional idea we inherited from our ancestors, of being content with what one's lot, makes a lot of sense. As the West has forged ahead over the centuries, on the basis of its enterprising attitude, corruption and malpractice has kept pace. Today, the West is turning towards the East to find a way out.

  8、有趣的是,近幾十年來(lái),至少在表面上,東西方似乎呈現(xiàn)出一種互換的態(tài)勢(shì)——中國(guó)人因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)的落后,不得不拋棄傳統(tǒng)的樂(lè)天知命觀,學(xué)習(xí)西 方的進(jìn)敢和開拓。不幸的是,在盡全力追逐物質(zhì)主義的過(guò)程中,環(huán)境遭到破壞。社會(huì)財(cái)富分配不均衡,人們不得不承受巨大的心理壓力。這令人意識(shí)到老袓宗“樂(lè)天知命”的價(jià)值觀念自有其道理。西方人在數(shù)百年的無(wú)休止進(jìn)取后,弊端叢生,如今也紛紛轉(zhuǎn)向東方的價(jià)值觀尋找出路。

  9.Maybe there's something in the text-message that's doing the rounds on the Internet, when it says, "Once you're 50, pretty and ugly look the same. Once you're 60, high-rank and low-rank look the same. Once you' re 70, lots of money and little money look the same. Once you're 80, men and women look the same. Once you're 90, living and dying look the same."

  9、最近有一則手機(jī)短信流行:“到了五十,好看難看一個(gè)樣;到了六十,官大官小一個(gè)樣;到了七十,錢多錢少一個(gè)樣;到了八十,男的女的一個(gè)樣;到了九十,活的死的一個(gè)樣!

  10.In a way, the message, pretty much, suggests that, even though China exported computers to America and Chinese people have traded in their bikes for BMWs, the past thirty years of reform hasn't changed our traditions and, the idea of being content with one's lot has never left our bones.

  10、這條短信似乎暗示:改革開放30年,盡管中國(guó)生產(chǎn)的電腦已經(jīng)賣到了美國(guó);中國(guó)人已經(jīng)丟掉自行車,開起了寶馬,但樂(lè)天知命的價(jià)值觀仍在骨子里,不曾磨滅。