Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to put all your eggs in one basket. You can give examples to illustrate your point .You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise a person by their appearance. You can give examples to illustrate your point .You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to jump to conclusions upon seeing or hearing something. You can give examples to illustrate your point .You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 　　Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 　　Section A

　　Directions:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　1.A)They might be stolen goods

　　B)They might be fake products

　　C)They might be faulty products

　　D)They might be smuggled good

　　2.A)They are civil servants

　　B)They are job applicants

　　C)They are news reporters

　　D)They are public speakers

　　3.A)The man has decided to quit his computer class

　　B)The woman wants to get a degree in administration

　　C)A computer degree is a must for administrative work

　　D)The man went to change the time of his computer class

　　4.A)A lot of contestants participated in the show

　　B)The fifth contestant won the biggest prize

　　C)It was not as exciting as he had expected

　　D)It was sponsored by a car manufacturer

　　5.A)Reading a newspaper column

　　B)Looking at a railway timetable

　　C)Driving form New York to Boston

　　D)Waiting for someone at the airport

　　6.A)He wears a coat bought in the mall

　　B)He got a new job at the barbershop

　　C)He had a finger hurt last night

　　D)He had his hair cut yesterday

　　7.A)He cannot appreciate the Picasso exhibition

　　B)Even his nephew can draw as well as Picasso

　　C)He is not quite impressed with modern paintings

　　D)Some drawings by kindergarten kids are excellent

　　8.A)He should not put the cart before the horse

　　B)His conduct does not square with his words

　　C)His attitude to student government has changed

　　D)He has long been involved in student government

　　Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard

　　9.A)She left her own car in Manchester

　　B)Something went wrong with her car

　　C)She wants to go traveling on the weekend

　　D)Her car won,t be back in a week,s time

　　10.A)Safety

　　B)Size

　　C)Comfort

　　D)Cost

　　11.A)Third-party insurance

　　B)Value-added tax

　　C)Petrol

　　D)CDW

　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard

　　12.A)How to update the basic facilities

　　B)What to do to enhance their position

　　C)Where to locate their plant

　　D)How to attract investments

　　13.A)Their road link to other European countries is fast

　　B)They are all located in the south of France

　　C)They are very close to each other

　　D)Their basic facilities are good

　　14.A)Try to avoid making a hasty decision

　　B)Take advantage of the train links

　　C)Talk with the local authorities

　　D)Conduct field surveys first

　　15.A)Future product distribution

　　B)Local employment policies

　　C)Road and rail links for small towns

　　D)Skilled workforce in the hilly region 　Section B 　　Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages..At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　Passage one

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just haard.

　　16.A)One fifth of them were on bad terms with their sisters and broithers.

　　B)About one eighth of them admitted to lingering bitter feelings.

　　C)More than half of them were involved in inheritance disputes.

　　D)Most of them had broken with their sisters and brothers.

　　17.A)Less concern with money matters.

　　B)More experience in worldly affairs.

　　C)Advance in age.

　　D)Freedom from work.

　　18.A)They have little time left to renew contact with their brothers and sisters.

　　B)They tend to forget past unhappy memories and focus on their present needs .

　　C)They are more tolerant of one another.

　　D)They find close relatives more reliable.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　19.A)They have bright colors and intricate patterns.

　　B)They can only survive in parts of the Americas.

　　D)They have strong wings capable of flying long distances.

　　20.A)In a Michigan mountain forest.

　　B)In a Louisiana mountain forest.

　　C)In a Kentucky mountain forest.

　　D)In aMexican mountain forest.

　　21.A)Each flock of butterflies lays eggs in the same states.

　　B)They start to lay eggs when they are nine months old.

　　C)Each generation in a cycle lays eggs at a different place.

　　D)Only the strongest can reach their destination to lay eggs.

　　22.A)Evolution of monarch butterflies.

　　B)Living habits of monarch butterflies.

　　C)Migration patterns of monarch butterflies.

　　D)Environmental impacts on monarch butterfly life.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you habe just heard.

　　23.A)Time has become more limited

　　B)Time has become more precious

　　C)Time is money

　　D)Time is relative

　　24.A)Americams now attach more importance to the effective use of time.

　　B)Americans today have more free time than earlier generations

　　C)The number of hours Americans work has increased steadily

　　D)More and more Americans feel pressed for time nowadays

　　25.A)Our interpersonal relationships improve

　　B)Our work efficiency increases greatly.

　　C)Our living habits are altered

　　D)Our behavior is changed

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section,you will hear a passage three times.when the passage isRead for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.when the passage is read for the second time.you are required to fill the blanks with the exact words you have just heard ,Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.

　　The first copyright law in the United States was passed by Congress in1790. .In1976 Congress enacted the latest copyright law, __(26) __ the technological developments that had occurred since the passage of the Copyright Act of 1909. For example,in 1909,anyone who wanted to make a single copy of a __(27) __ work for personal use had to do so by hand.The very process__(28) __ a limitation on the quantity of materials copied. Today, a photocopier can do the work in seconds; the limitation has diasppeared. The 1909 law did not provide full protection for films and suond recording,nor did it__(29) __ the need to protect radio and television. As a result,__(30) __ of the law and abuese of the intent of the law have lessened the__(31) __ rewards of authors,artises,and producers.The 1976 Copyright Act has not prevented these abuses fully, but it has clarified the legal rights of the injured parties and given them an__(32) __ for remedy.

　　since 1976 the Act has been__(33) __ to inclued computer sofrware,and guiedlines have been adpoted for fair use of television broadcases.These changes have cleared up much of the confusion and conflict that followed__(34) __ the 1976 legislation.

　　The fine points of the law are decided by the courts and by acceptable common practice over time.As these decisions and agreements are made,we modify our behavior accordingly. For now,we need to__(35) __ the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner. 　　Part III Rdading Comprehension (40minutes) 　　Section A

　　Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks,You are required to select One word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.

　　Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bamk is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on　Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　For investors who desire low risk and guaranteed income,U.S. Government bonds are a secure investment because these bonds have the financial backing and full faith and credit of the federal government.Municipal bonds,also secure,are offered by local governmengts and often have____36______such as tax-free interest.Some may even be ____37______.Corportate bonds are a bit more risky.

　　Two questions often_____38_____first-time corportate bond investors.The first is”If I purchase a corportate bond,do I have to hold it until the matueity date?”The answer is no.Bonds are bought and sold daily on ____39_____securities exchanges.However,if your bond does not have____40_____ that make it attractive to other investors, you may be forced to sell your bond at a____41____i.e., a price less than the bond’s face value. But if your bond is highly valued by other investors, you may be able to sell it at a premium, i.e., a price above its face value. Bond prices gcncrally____42____ inversely (相反地)with current market interest rates. As interest rates go up, bond pnccs tall, and vice versa (反之亦然).Thus, like all investments，bonds have a degree of risk.

　　The second question is “How can I ___43_______ the investment risk of a particular bond issue?” Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service rate the level of risk of many corporate and government bonds. And ____44______, the higher the market risk of a bond，the higher the interest rate. Investors will invest in a bond considered risky only if the _____45_____return is high enough.

　　注意:此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

　　A) advantages　I) fluctuate

　　B) assess　J) indefinite

　　C) bother K) insured

　　D) conserved　L) major

　　E) deduction　M) naturally

　　F) discount　N) potential

　　G) embarrass　0) simultaneously

　　H) features 　Section B 　　Directions::In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statments attached to it.each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.identify the paragraph from weich the information is derived.you may choose a parpgraph more than once.each paragraph is marked with a letter.answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2.

　　lessons from a Feminist Paradise

　　[A]On the surface,Sweden appears to be a feminist paradise.Look at any global survey of gender equality and Sweden will be near the top.Family-friendly policies are its norm-with 16 months of paid parental leave,special protections for part-time workers,and state-subsidized preschools where,according to a government website,"gender-awareness education is increasingly common."due to an unfficial quota system,women hold 45 percent of positions in the swedish parliament.they have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality and the Secretariat of Gender Research.So why are American women so far ahead of their Swedish counterparts in breaking through the glass ceiling?

　　[B]in a 2012 report,the World Economic Forum found that when it comes to closing the gender gap in"econmic participation and opportunity,"the United States is ahead of not only Sweden but also Finland,Denmark,the Netherlands,Iceland,Germany,and the United Kingdom.Sweden's rank in the report can largely be explained by its political quota system.Though the United States has fewer women in the workorce(68 percent compared to Sweden's 77 percent).American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as manangers or professionals.They also own more businesses,lauch more start-ups(新創(chuàng)辦的企業(yè)),and more often work in traditionally male fields.As for breaking through the glass ceiling in business,American women are well in the lead.

　　[C]what explains the American advantage?How can it be that societies like Sweden,where gender equality is vigorously pusued and engorced,have fewer female managers,executives,professionals,and business owners than eh laissez-faire(自由放任的)united states?A new study by clrnell economists Francine Blau and Lawrence Kahn gives an explanation.

　　[D]Generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options have unintended consequences:instead of strengthening women's attachment to the workplace,they appear to weaken it.In addition to a 16-month leave,a swedish parent has the right to work six hours a day (for a reduced salary)until his or her child is eight years old.Mothers are far more likely than fathers to take advantage of this law,But extended leaves and part-time employment are known to be harmful to careers—for both genders. And with women a second factor comes into play:most seem to enjoy the flexible-time arrangement(once known as the “mommytrack”)and never find their way back to full-time or high-level employment.In sum:generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market,but they also tend to diminisb their careers.

　　[E] According to Blau and Kahn,Swedish-style paternal(父親的)leave policies and flexibletime arrangements pose a second threat to woman’s progress:they make employers cautious about hiring woman for full-time positions at all.Offering ajob to a man is the safer bet.He is far less likely to take a year of parental leave and then return on a reduced work schedule for the next eight years.

　　[F]I became aware of the triale of career-focused European woman a few years ago when I met a post-doctoral student from Germany who was then a visiting fellow at Johns Hopkins. She was astonished by the professional possibilities afforded to young American woman. Her best hope in Germany was a govermment job—prospects for woman in the private sector were dim.”In Germany “ she told me,”we have all the benefits,”but employers don’t’ wan to hire us.”

　　[G] Swedish economists Magnus Henrekson and Mikael Stenkula addressed the following question in their 2009 study:why are there so few female top executives in the European egalitarian(平等主義的)welfare states?Their answer:”Broad-based welfare-state policies hinder women’s representation in elite competitive positions.”

　　[H] It is tempting to declare the Swedish policies regressive(退步的)and hail the American system as superior.But that would be shortsighted.The Swedes can certainly take a lesson from the United States and look for ways to clear a path for their ambitious female careerists. But most woman are not committsd careerists.When the Pew Research Center recently asked American parents to identify their”ideal”life arrangement,47 percent of mothers said they would prefer to work park-time and 20percent said they would prefer not to work at all.Fathers answered differrntly:75 percent preferred full-time work.Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents,but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model. Still,we can learn from their experience.

　　[I] Despite its failure to shatter the glass ceiling,Sweden has one of the most powerful and innovative economies in the world.In its 2011-2012survey,the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the “rockstar of the recovery”in the Washington Post,also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness. It is a society well worth studying,and its efforts to conquer the gender gap impart a vital lesson—though not the lesson the Swedes had in mind。

　　[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.For decades,these descendants of the Vikings have been trying to show the world that the right mix of enlinghtened policy.consciousness raising, and non-sexist child rearingwould close the gender divide once and for all.Yet the divide persists.

　　[K] A 2012 press release from Statistics Sweden bears the title “Gender Equality in Sweden Treading(踩)Water” and notes:

　　1、The total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men.

　　2、One in three employed women and one in ten employed men work part-time.

　　3、Women's working time is influenced by the number and age of theirchildren, but men′s working time is not affected by these factors.

　　4、Of all employees，only 13 percent of the women and 12 percent of the men have occupations with an even distribution of the sexes.

　　[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more ex-treme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitahta(被吸引) toward gendered play. When it came to light last year that mothers, far more than fathers, chose to stay home from work to care for their sick kids. Ulf Kristersson. minister of social security, quickly commissioned a study to determine the causcs of and possiiblce cures for this disturbing stale of affairs.

　　[M]Swcdish family policies, by accommodating women's preferences efleetively, are reduting the number of women in elite competitive positions. The Swedes will find this paradoxical and try to find solutions. Let us hope these do not include banning gender pronouns, policing children′s play, implementing more gender quotas, or treating women′s special attachment to home and family as a social injustice. Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer. Americans should look past the gender rhetoric and consider what these Scandina-vians have achieved. On their way to creating a feminist paradise, the Swedes have uninten-tionally created a haven (避風(fēng)港) for normal mortals.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

　　46.Sweden has done more than other nations to close the gender gap. but it conimucs 10 exist.

　　47.Sweden is one of the most competitive economics life satisfaction.

　　48. More American women hold elite job positions in business than Swedish women.

　　49. Swedish family-friendly policies tend to exert a negative influence on women′s careers.

　　50.The quota system in Sweden ensures women′s better representation in government.

　　51.Though the Swedish model appears workable for most American parents, it may not be accepted by them in its entirety.

　　52.Swedish women are allowed the freedom and opportunity to choose their own way of life.

　　53.Swedish employers are hesitant about hiring women for full-time positions because of the family-friendly policies.

　　54.Gender-awareness education is becoming more and more popular in state-subsidized preschools in Sweden.

　　55.Some lawmakers in Sweden propose that genderless pronouns be used in the Swedish language. 　Section C 　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A). B). C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

　　Texting has long been bemoaned (哀嘆)as the downfall of the written word,””penmanship for illiter,”as one critic called it. To which the proper response is LOL.

　　Texting properly isn′t writing at all. It′s a “spoken” language that is getting richer and more complex by the year.

　　First,some historical perspective. Writing was only invented 5,500 years ago. whereas Ianguage probably traces back at least 80.000 years. Thus talking came first; writing is just a craft that came along later. As such, the first writing was based on the way people talk，with short sentences.

　　However, while talking is largely subconscious and rapid, writing is deliberate and slow, Over time,writers took advantage of this and started cratting long-winded sentences such as this one:The whole engagement lasted above 12 hours, till the gradual retreat of the Per trsians was changed into a disorderly flight, of which the shameful example was given by the principal leaders and……”

　　No one talks like that casually — or should. But it is natural to desire to do so for special occasions. In the old days, we didn’t much write like talking because there was no mechanism to reproduce the speed of conversation. But texting and instant messaging do — and a revolution has begun. It involves the crude mechanics of writing, but in its economy, spontaneity and even vulgaritv. texting is actually a new kind of talking, with its own kind of grammar and conventions.

　　Take LOL. It doesn’t actually mean “l(fā)aughing out loud” in a literal sense anymore. LOL has evolved into something much subtler and sophisticated and is used even when nothing is remotely amusing. Jocelyn texts “Where have you been?” and Annabelle texts back ，LOL at the library studying for two hours.” LOL signals basic empath)’(同感)between tcxters. easing tension and creating a sense of equality. Instead of having a literal meaning, it docs something - conveying an attitude — just like the -cd ending conveys past tense rather than “meaning.，anything. LOL. of all things, is grammar.

　　Of course no one thinks about that consciously. But then most of communication operates without being noticed. Over time, the meaning of a word or an expression drifts meat used to mean any kind of food, silly used to mean, believe it or not，blessed.

　　Civilization, then，is fine 一 people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills. Worldwide people speak differently from the w ay they write, and texting -quick, casual and only intended to be read once — is actually a way of talking with your fingers.

　　56. What do critics say about texting?

　　A) It is mainly confined to youngsters

　　B) It competes with traditional writing.

　　C) It will ruin the wnttcn language.

　　D) It is often hard to understand.

　　57. In what way does the author say writing is different from talking?

　　A) It is crafted with specific skills.

　　C) It does not have as long a history.

　　B) It expresses ideas more accuratcly.

　　D) It is not as easy to comprehend.

　　58. Why is LOL much used in tcxting?

　　A) It brings textcrs closer to each other.

　　B) It shows the tcxtcr's sophistication.

　　C) It is a trendy way to communicate

　　D) It adds to the humor of the text

　　59. Examples like meat and silly are cited to show

　　A) the difTerencc between writing and talking

　　B) how difTercntly words are used in tcxting

　　C) why people use the words the way they do

　　D) the gradual change of word meaning

　　60.what does the author think of texting?

　　A)It facilitates exchange of ideas among people.

　　B)It is a new form of verbal communication.

　　C)It deteriorates pelple's composition skills.

　　D)It hastens the decline of the written word.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 61to 65are based on the following passage.

　　it's possible to admire oprah winfrey and still wish Harvard hadn't awarded her an honorary doctor of law degree and the commencement(畢業(yè)典禮)speaker spot at yesterday's graduation.There's no question Oprah's achievements place her in the temple of American success stories. Talent,charm,and an exceptional work ethic have rarely hurled anyone of world's most successful entertainment icons and the first African-American female billionaire.

　　Honorary degrees are often conferred on non-academic leaders in the arts,business,and politics.Harvard's list in recent years has included Kofi fi Annan,Bill Gates,Meryl Streep,and David Souter.But Oprah's list in recent years has included Kofi Annan,Bill Gates,Mery1 Streep,and david souter.But Oprah's particular brand of celebrity is not a good fit for the values of a university whose motto(座右銘),Veritas,means truth.Oprah's passionate advocacy extends,unfortunately,to a hearty embrace of fake science.Most notoriously,Oprah's validation of jenny McCarthy's claim that vaccines cause autism(自閉癥)has no doubt contributed to much harm through the foolish avoidance of vaccines.

　　Famous people arc entitled to a few failings, like the rest of us. and the choice of commencement speakers often reflects a balance of insututional pnonties and aspirations. Judging from our conversations with many students. Oprah was a widely popular choice.

　　But this vote of confidence in Oprah sends a troubling message at precisely the time when American univereities need to do more to advance the cause of reason. As former Dean of Harvard College. Harry Lewis, noted in a blog post about his objections. “It seems vcrv odd for Harvard to honor such a high profile popularizer of the irrational…… at a time when political and religious nonsense so jeopardize the rule of reason in this allegedly enlightened democracy and around the world.”

　　As America′s oldest and most visible university. Harvard has a spccial opportunity to convey its respcct for science not only through its research and teaching programs but also in its public affirmation of evidence-based inquiry.

　　Unfortunately，many American universities seem awfully busy protecting their brand name and not nearly busy enough protecting the pursuit of knowledge. A recent article in The Harvard Crimson noted the shocking growth of Harvard′s public relations arm in the last five years and it questioned whether a focus on risk management and avoiding controversywas really the best outward-looking face of this great institution.

　　As American research universities begin to resemble profit centers and entertainment complexes, it’s easy to lose sight of their primary mission; to produce and spread knowledge.This mission depends on traditions of rational discourse and vigorous defense of the scientific method.Oprah Winfrey’s honoray doctorate was a step in the wrong direction.

　　61.what do we learn about Oprah Winfrey from the passage?

　　A)She was a distinguished graduate of H arvard School of LaW.

　　B)She worked her way to success in the entertainment industry.

　　C)She used to abuse her children when she was a young mother.

　　D)She achieved her fame through persistent advocacy of fake science.

　　62.Why does the author deem it inappropriate for Harvard to confer an honorary degree on Oprah winfrey?

　　A) She did not specialize in the study of law.

　　B)She was known as a supporter of fake science.

　　C)She was an icon of the entertainment industry

　　D)She had not distinguished herself academically.

　　63.How did Harry Lewis react to Harvard’s decision in his blong post ?

　　A)He was strongly against it.

　　B)He considered it unpopular.

　　C)He thought it would help enhance Harvard’s reputation.

　　D)He thought it represented the will of the Harvard community.

　　64.What is the author’s regret about many American universities?

　　A)They show inadequate respect for evidence-based inquiry

　　B)They fall short of expectations in teaching and research

　　C)They attach too much importance to public relations

　　D)They are tolerant of political and religious nonsense

　　65.What does the author think a prestigious university like H arvard should focus on?

　　A)Cultivation of student creativity

　　B)Liberation of the human mind

　　C)Liberation of the human mind

　　D)Pursuit of knowledge and truth 　Part IV Translation (30minutes)

　　翻譯一：

　　北京計(jì)劃未來三年投資7，600億元治理污染，從減少PM2.5排放入手，這一新公布的計(jì)劃旨在減少四種主要污染源，包括500多萬倆機(jī)動車的尾氣(exhaust)排放、周邊地區(qū)燃煤、來自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建筑灰塵。另有850億元用于新建或升級城市垃圾處理和污水(sewage)處理設(shè)施，加上300億元投資未來三年的植樹造林(forestation) 市政府還計(jì)劃建造一批水循環(huán)利用工廠，并制止違章建筑，以改善環(huán)境。另外，將更嚴(yán)厲地處罰違反限排規(guī)定的行為。

　　翻譯二：

　　最近，中國科學(xué)院(Chinese A cademy of Sciences ) 出版了關(guān)于其最新科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與未來一年展望的年度系列報(bào)告。系列報(bào)告包括三部分：科學(xué)發(fā)展報(bào)告、高技術(shù)發(fā)展報(bào)告、中國可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略報(bào)告。第一份報(bào)告包含中國科學(xué)家的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新粒子研究與H7N9病毒研究的突破，該報(bào)告還突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了未來幾年需要關(guān)注的問題。第二份報(bào)告公布了一些應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究的突破。該報(bào)告還突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了未來幾年需要關(guān)注的問題。第二份報(bào)告公布了一些應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究的熱門領(lǐng)域。如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份報(bào)告呼吁加強(qiáng)頂層設(shè)計(jì)，以消除工業(yè)升級中的結(jié)構(gòu)性障礙，并促進(jìn)節(jié)能減排。

　　翻譯三：

　　中文熱詞通常反映社會變化和文化，有些在外國媒體上愈來愈流行。例如，土豪(tuhao)和大媽(dama)都是老詞，但是已獲取了新的意義。 土豪以前指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉(xiāng)村地主，現(xiàn)在用于指花錢如流水或者喜歡炫耀財(cái)富的人，也就是說，土豪有錢，但沒有品位。大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價(jià)下跌時(shí)大量購買黃精的中國婦女。 土豪和大媽可能會被人收入新版牛津(Oxford)英語詞典，至今已有約120個(gè)中文詞被加進(jìn)了牛津英語詞典，成為了英語語言的一部分。 　　寫作

　　作文題一：

　　For this part ， your are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance 。You can give explain to illustrate your point .You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words .

　　It is a truth universally acknowledged that the criteria of judging a person are extremely complex.Various as the standards might be, judging a person by appearance is the most unreliable one. As a famous saying goes, it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance. This proverb aims to deliver the message that in order to truly know a person, we need to go beyond their looks and dresses and focus on more profound aspects.

　　There are several reasons supportive of this statement. Firstly, people are so diverse that some of them are not willing to demonstrate themeselves by their appearance because they may dedicate more time to their work and their hobbies. Moreover, it is too busy for the modern urban people to maintain their appearance. If we judge a person by their appearance when he or she is in a bad state, we might lose a possible good friend or an opportunity. For instance, yesterday the dean of our department, on his way to the teaching building for an emergent meeting with an important investor, fell to the ground and got very dirty. But the new security, taking him for a beggar or a vendor, didn’t allow the dean to enter the building. Finally, the security was fired for his arbitrary judgment.

　　To conclude, judging a person by their appearance is highly undependable. Therefore, we’d better draw a conclusion about a person through a long period of observations, interactions, and communication.

　　這篇文章的題型沒有很難，可以直接當(dāng)做引言類的文章來寫。二段用兩原因+一例子的方式是最容易寫的。最后一段給出一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)建議就好。

　　作文二：把全部雞蛋放到一個(gè)籃子里是不明智的。

　　It is a truth universally acknowledged that we need to have a plan B when we are doing important things. As a famous proverbs goes, it is unwise to put all your eggs in one basket. This saying obviously aims to deliver the message that in order to avoid possible failures and setbacks, we ought to make adequate and flexible preparations.

　　Nobody can be certain of what is going to happen in the future; therefore, we all need to have different plans and prepations in case of undesirable outcomes. Then, the losses and risks can be tremendously reduced. For instance, a decade ago, chinese stock market was extremely profitable and made numerous people millionnaires just overnight. One day, my uncle came to my home and he intended to borrow money from my parents. He promised that he would return the money plus the interest in two years. But my father was dicreet and he only loaned him a few. Then, he deposited some in the bank, invested some in the national bond, and spent the rest on a new apartment. Two years later, chinese stock market crashed and my uncle nearly lost all his fortune. Luckily, my father’s decision made more money for us.

　　To conclude, it is highly unfeasible to put all eggs in just one basket. Not only will this give rise to the unexpected and unaffordable result, but we will be inclined to be irrationale and unreasonable.

　　作文三：看到什么、聽到什么就立刻得出結(jié)論是不明智的。

　　Living in an age when the adolescents are lack of the necessary guidance and supervision, we can never fail to figure out the fact that teenagers are becoming especially self-conscious. Under this circumstance, the youngsters are more likely to believe in what they have listened or seen instead of thinking twice before drawing their conclusions, which is pathetically and undoubtedly considered controversial or even unreasonable.

　　The reasons why I insist on the viewpoint that we should never directly and irresponsibly come to conclusions only by listening or seeing mainly lie in the following two aspects. To begin with, it is an invariable law to every existence in the world that nothing will stay still even for just one second.So are the things happening around us. What we see or listen may be just some particular period of the development of things, which proves unstable and changeable. In addition, the perspectives we conclude just through seeing or listening are usually one-sided. Drawing conclusions rashly is not objective enough to make our statements persuasive.

　　To sum up, it is unwise for us to define any thing as what we assume or imagine at first sight. Only by our serious thinking and accurate analyzing

　　can we come up with more rational and reasonable conclusions.

　　聽力

　　短對話

　　1. 參考原文：

　　M: Look at these low prices at these fashionable TV sets. Something is fishy, don’t you think so?

　　W: Well, there have been a lot of robberies recently. Some of the stolen goods may have landed here。

　　Q: What does the woman imply about the low price television sets?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察語義推斷�？键c(diǎn)第二個(gè)說話的女士。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A They might be stolen goods.

　　2. 參考原文：

　　M: I’ve been assigned to cover the governess speech today. What about you?

　　W: Nothing is grand as yours. I have to do an interview for the evening news about a man with dozens of cats。

　　Q: What do we learn about the speakers?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察人物身份。從 “cover the governess speech”(cover表示報(bào)道) “do an interview”可以推測，兩人都是記者。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C They are news reporters.

　　3. 參考原文：

　　W: Didn’t I see you going into the administration building this afternoon?

　　M: I needed to switch my computer class to the 950 section。

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)�？键c(diǎn)在第二位男士所說的話。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D : The man went to change the time of his computer class 選項(xiàng)中change是對switch的同義改寫。

　　4. 參考原文：

　　W: I guess you watch the quiz show on television last night. What did you think about it?

　　M: Well, it’s great. The first four contestants won only small prizes, but the fifth left with a new luxury car。

　　Q: What does the man say about the quiz show?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。考點(diǎn)在第二位男士。男士覺得智力競賽節(jié)目不錯(cuò)，前4個(gè)人只贏得了小獎(jiǎng)品，但是第五個(gè)人贏得了一輛豪車。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B：The fifth contestant won the biggest prize 選項(xiàng)中的biggest prize是對only small prizes的反向改寫。

　　5. 參考原文：

　　W: I can’t find the arrival time of the New York to Boston Express on this schedule。

　　M: Look for New York in the left-hand column and follow it across until you find the hour listed in the Boston column。

　　Q: What are the speakers most probably doing?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察對話主題。必須要結(jié)合二人談話的內(nèi)容才能推測出來。根據(jù) “New York to Boston Express”(express 表示特快列車)“schedule” “the hour”可以推測，兩人正在尋找火車時(shí)刻表，對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B Looking for a railway timetable.

　　6. 參考原文：

　　W: You look different today, but Ican’t quite put my finger on what it is。

　　M: Oh, yesterday I finally got around to that new barbershop in the mall and enjoyed their services。

　　Q: What can be inferred about the man?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)�？键c(diǎn)在第二位男士。從“new barbershop’可以推測，答案為D： He had his haircut yesterday.

　　7. 參考原文：

　　W: What do you think Picasso’s painting exhibited in the city museum?

　　M: Personally I can’t quite see the meaning in his modern works. Most of them remind me of the stuff my nephew brings home from the kindergarten。

　　Q: What does the man mean?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)�？键c(diǎn)在第二位男士。從 “I can’t quite see the meaning in his modern works” 可以推測，男士并不喜歡當(dāng)代藝術(shù)，對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A：He cannot appreciate the Picasso exhibition

　　8. 參考原文：

　　W: Rod said he wanted to get involved in student government this year。

　　M: But he hasn’t gone through a single meeting, has he?

　　Q: What does the man imply about Rod?

　　點(diǎn)評：本題考察語義推斷，考點(diǎn)在明顯信號詞but之后。女士說Rod想要參與學(xué)生政府，男士反問：但是他并沒有通過任何一次會議吧?言下之意，Rod參與過許多次會議，但一直沒有通過。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D He has been long involved in student government.

　　【短對話綜合點(diǎn)評】：

　　本套短對話規(guī)律性較強(qiáng)，8道題基本針對第二個(gè)人進(jìn)行提問。2、4、5、6考法巧妙，需要同學(xué)們在聽懂的基礎(chǔ)上迅速反應(yīng)，具有一定區(qū)分度。整體難度較往年有些微提升。 　長對話

　　Conversation 1

　　M：Good morning! Madam. Can I help you?

　　W: Oh, I do hope so. I have to get to Manchester today and my own car has broken down. Do you by any chance have a car available?

　　M：For how many days?Madam.

　　W: Three,just until the weekend.

　　M: And what sort of car did you have in mind?

　　W: Well.That depends a little bit on the price. But I normally drive a Chevrolet. Do you have anything like that?

　　M:Yes,Certainly. That’s group C which includes Chevrolet and sea-arrows.

　　W:How much are they?

　　M:Well,for three days, you would have to have it under the unlimited mileage conditions. Which will work out cheaper for Manchester anyway.

　　Let’s see, Group C, three to five days hire with unlimited mileage is 53 pounds per day.

　　W:I see. Does that include everything?

　　M:It Includes third party insurance, but it’s not include value-added tax,patrol or CDW.

　　W:What’that?

　　M:CDW? Oh, that’s the cover you in case you damage the hire car. Third party insurance only covers you for damage two another vehicle.For Group C cars is 6 pounds per day.

　　W:OK. I think I’ll have the Chevrolet.

　　M:All right. Could I have your driving license please?

　　W:Certainly. Here we are.

　　M:So, it’s Ms.JB.couty.

　　W:Yes.That’s right.

　　M:And the number is 509024bc9cs, expiring the 1st,July,2015.And you want to take it immediately?

　　W:Yes, I do ,please.

　　M:Lovely.Well you could just initial that box there for the CDW.And that box there to confirm you have known driving convictions,thank you,And then sign there.Great!That’s it!

　　Q9:Why does the woman want to hire a car?

　　Q10:What is the woman’s main consideration in hiring a car?

　　Q11:What does the daily charge included?

　　9.點(diǎn)評：根據(jù)女士所說的 “my own car has broken down” 對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B Something went wrong with her car.

　　10.點(diǎn)評：根據(jù)女士所說的 “That depends a little bit on the price.’’ 以及后文反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詢價(jià)，可知本題對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D: Cost

　　11.點(diǎn)評：根據(jù)男士所說的 “It Includes third party insurance” 可知答案對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A: Third-party insurance.

　　Conversation 2

　　12. C Where to locate their plant.

　　13. D Their basic facilities are good.

　　14. A Try to avoid making a hasty decision.

　　15. C Road and rail links for small towns. 　短文理解：

　　Passage 1

　　In a study of older people with sisters and brothers, psychologist Debra Gold of the Duke Center for the study of aging and human development found that about 20% said they were hostile or indifferent to ward their sisters and brothers. Reasons for this ranged from inheritance disputes to hostility between spouses. But, many of those who had poor relationships felt guilty. Although most people admitted to some lingering rivalry, it was rarely strong enough to end the relationship. Only four out of the 54 people interviewed had completely broken with their sisters and brothers and only one of the four felt comfortable with the break. As sisters and brothers advanced into old age, closeness increases and rivalry diminishes, explains VC, a psychologist at Purdue University. Most of the elderly people he interviewed said they had supportive and friendly dealings and got along well or very well with their sisters and brothers. Only 4% got along poorly. Gold found that as people age, they often become more involved with and interested in their sisters and brothers. 53% of those she interviewed said that contact with their sisters and brothers increase innate adulthood. With family and career obligations reduced, many said that they had more time for each other. Others said that they felted with time to heal wounds. A man who had recently reconciled with his brother told Gold there’s something that lets older people to put aside bad deeds of the past and focus a little on what we need now, especially when it’s sisters and brothers.

　　16. What does the study by Debra Gold find about older people?

　　17. What has probably caused closeness to increase among sisters and brothers according to VC?

　　18. What did the man who had recently reconciled with his brother tell Debra Gold about older people?

　　16. 點(diǎn)評：本文第一句話就是考點(diǎn)，根據(jù) “about 20% said they were hostile or indifferent to ward their sisters and brothers” 得出本題答案為選項(xiàng)A: One fifth of them were on bad terms with their sisters and brothers. 其中one fifth是對20%的同義改寫， “be on bad terms with”是對 “hostile or indifferent to”的改寫。

　　17. 點(diǎn)評：考點(diǎn)信息來自文章中間， “As sisters and brothers advanced into old age, closeness increases and rivalry diminishes, explains VC” 得出本題答案為選項(xiàng)C: Advance in age.

　　18. 點(diǎn)評：考點(diǎn)信息來自文章最后， “there’s something that lets older people to put aside(放到一旁) bad deeds(不好的行為) of the past and focus a little on what we need now” 得出本題答案為選項(xiàng)B: They tend to forget past unhappy memories and focus on their present needs. 　　Passage 2:

　　Monarch butterflies, the large origin black insects, are common summer sights in northern United States and Canada. They brighten in parks and gardens as they fly among the flowers. What makes monarch butterflies particularly interesting is they migrate, all the way to California or Mexico in back. They are thought to be the only insect that does this. Every year in the late summer, monarch begin their migration to the south, those heading for Mexico go first for the Louisiana Mississippi region. And then they fly to go across Mexico into Texas. Once in Mexico, they establish themselves in one of about 15 sizes in the mountain forth. Each side provides the winter home for millions of monarchs. The butterflies are so numerous that they often cover the entire trees. When spring comes, they began their long journey north. The question is often asked whether every butterfly makes the round trip journey every year. And the answer is no. The average monarch lives about nine month. So when fly the north, they might lay eggs in Louisiana and die. The eggs of that following generation may be found in Kentucky, the eggs of next generation may be in the Kang Michigan. The last generation of the season about the forth may make the journey back in Mexico and restart the cycle. Scientists learn about the monarch butterflies’ migration by capturing and placing the identifying tags in the insects. By recapturing the attempt of the monarch and noting where they came from, the next scientist can figure out things like butterfly’s age and its routing

　　Question 19 to 22

　　19. what is the unique about the monarch butterfly according to the speaker?

　　20. where does the butterfly settle at the end of the migration?

　　21. what does the speaker say about the monarch butterflies’ reproduction?

　　22. what is the talk mainly about ?

　　19. 點(diǎn)評：本題無法直接得出答案。第3、4句話說，“What makes monarch butterflies particularly interesting is they migrate, all the way to California or Mexico in back. They are thought to be the only insect that does this.” 第4句中的 “the only insect that does this’就是19題題干的出處，而”this”指的是上文提到的他們遷徙的方式。由此得知，令monarch butterflies獨(dú)一無二的是它們的遷徙方式。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C: They are the only insect that migrates along fixed routes. Fixed routes表示 固定路線，是對原文 “all the way to California or Mexico in back”的概括性改寫。

　　20. 點(diǎn)評：本題來自文章中間。 “Once in Mexico, they establish themselves in one of about 15 sizes in the mountain forth. ” 所謂的establish oneself in some place就表示在某處安家。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D In a Mexican mountain forest.

　　21.點(diǎn)評：本題無法直接得出答案，答案是對文章尾部三句話的概括性總結(jié)： “So when fly the north, they might lay eggs in Louisiana and die. The eggs of that following generation may be found in Kentucky, the eggs of next generation may be in the Kang Michigan. The last generation of the season about the forth may make the journey back in Mexico and restart the cycle.”對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C Each generation in a cycle lays eggs at a different place.

　　22. 點(diǎn)評：由于本文從頭到尾都在介紹的遷徙模式和特點(diǎn)，因此容易得出答案為選項(xiàng)C Migration patterns of monarch butterflies. 　passage 3

　　People nowadays seem to have the sense that their time has become more limited. Compared with early generations we spend more and more time working and have less and less free time to engage in leisure pursues. But this premise turns out to be an illusion. The most comprehensive data from major Time Use Service suggests, if anything, Americans today have more free time than the early generations. The number of hours we work has not changed much, but we spend less time now on home tasks. So we have a great amount of time for leisure than in decades past. so why do we feel like time so scare. One problem is that time becomes more valuable and time becomes more worth money. we feel like we have less of it. workers who bill or get paid by the hour, think employer and fast-food workers, report focusing more on pursuing more money than those who get paid by salary and the fact has been fast. In one experiment, people were told to play the role of consultant and bill their time by either nine dollars an hour or ninety dollars an hour. When people billed their time by ninety dollars an hour they report feeling far more priced for time. Thinking about our time as money, changes are our behavior as well. in one study, people who were instructed to think about money before entering a cafe spent less times chatting with the other patrons and more time working. Those who are thinking their time did reverse spending time socializing instead of working.

　　23 to 25

　　23. what does the speaker say now people feel about time?

　　24. what do the data from time use service show?

　　25. what happen when we think our time about our as money?

　　23. 點(diǎn)評：本題就是對文章第一句話進(jìn)行提問， “People nowadays seem to have the sense that their time has become more limited.” 對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A. Time has becomes more limited.

　　24. 點(diǎn)評：本題可以直接得出答案，考察信息為 “ …data … suggests… Americans today have more free time than the early generations” 對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B. Americans today have more free time than earlier generations.

　　25. 點(diǎn)評：本題考察的是文中所提到的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)論，即 “Thinking about our time as money, changes are our behavior as well.” 對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D. Our behavior is changed.

　　【短文理解綜合點(diǎn)評】：第1、3篇答案比較直接，大體符合“所聽基本即所選”原則，且并未出現(xiàn)逆序現(xiàn)象為難考生;第2篇文章難度很大，需要聯(lián)系主題來理解細(xì)節(jié)，具有較強(qiáng)區(qū)分度，考生的能力高下立現(xiàn)。

　　復(fù)合式聽寫答案：

　　26. taking into consideration

　　27. literary

　　28. imposed

　　29. anticipate

　　30. violations

　　31. financial

　　32. avenue

　　33. amended

　　34. in the wake of

　　35. interpret 　　選詞填空

　　Millions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned than ever about retirement.

　　36. N) spoiling

　　本空與前面的spend構(gòu)成spend time doing的搭配，需要?jiǎng)釉~ing形式。備選的有illustrating(闡述)和spoiling(寵愛)，能與空后的grandkids構(gòu)成合理搭配的明顯只有spoiling，意為“花更多時(shí)間去寵孫子”。

　　37. K) radically

　　本空所在句不缺主干成分，且本空是修飾different ideas，因此需要副詞。備選的有mysteriously(神秘地)、radically(根本地)和separately(分開地)。能與different ideas構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有radically，這里做程度副詞，表示丈夫與妻子有著“根本上不同的觀點(diǎn)”。

　　38. C) disagree

　　本空為從句中的謂語，因此缺少動詞，由于從句主語為復(fù)數(shù)couples，因此需要?jiǎng)釉~原形或過去式;且要考慮與空后的on構(gòu)成搭配，應(yīng)為不及物動詞。備選的有assume(假設(shè))、disagree(不同意)、observe(觀察)和underestimate(低估)。其中不及物且與on能構(gòu)成搭配的只有disagree。另外，第一段段末提到的丈夫與妻子有著“根本上不同的觀點(diǎn)”也提示了這里所描述的現(xiàn)象應(yīng)當(dāng)是夫妻們不同意彼此的意見。

　　39. O) underestimate

　　本空為該句謂語，且與之并列的前半句使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此需要?jiǎng)釉~原形，備選的有assume(假設(shè))、observe(觀察)和underestimate(低估)。能夠與空后的age構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有underestimate，意為丈夫們“低估了妻子退休時(shí)的年齡”。另外，前半句與該句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，而前半句提到的是妻子一般能正確判斷丈夫的退休年齡，可知該句應(yīng)描述的是丈夫不了解妻子的退休年齡。

　　40. I) optimistic

　　本空為表語，且被副詞slightly修飾，空氣還有more，提示了應(yīng)為形容詞。備選的又confidential(機(jī)密的)、forthcoming(即將到來的)和optimistic(樂觀的)。注意本空形容的是空后的standard of living(生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn))，能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有optimistic，意為丈夫比妻子“對于生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要略微樂觀一些”。

　　41. M) separately

　　本空與together構(gòu)成并列，因此應(yīng)該與together詞性一致，為副詞。備選的有mysteriously(神秘地)和separately(分開地)。能與together意思上構(gòu)成并列的只有separately，表示正好相反的狀態(tài)，被or串聯(lián)，構(gòu)成選擇型的并列。

　　42. A) assume

　　本空為該句謂語，且并列的后半句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而本句主語為復(fù)數(shù)they，因此本空需要?jiǎng)釉~原形。備選的有assume(假設(shè))和observe(觀察)。能在這里構(gòu)成合理意思的只有assume，意為“他們以為他們意見一致”。

　　43. L) reality

　　空前的the提示了本空需要名詞，空后的is提示了本空需要可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。備選的有formula(公式、方案)、package(包裹)和reality(現(xiàn)實(shí))。這里能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有reality，意為“但現(xiàn)實(shí)是他們甚至都沒有談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題”。注意前半句的assume暗示了前半句是夫妻們自以為的現(xiàn)象、也就是假象，這也暗示43空所在的轉(zhuǎn)折之后的后半句描述的才是真相。

　　44. E) forthcoming

　　本空是在形容retirement date(退休日期)，需要形容詞。備選的有confidential(機(jī)密的)和forthcoming(即將到來的)。能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有forthcoming，意為“常常是馬上就要來臨的退休日成為了退休規(guī)劃的催化劑”，即人們只有接近退休的時(shí)候才會被迫開始做規(guī)劃。

　　45. J) package

　　空前的an后面需要可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，但early-retirement并非可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，因此本空才應(yīng)當(dāng)是被an限定的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。備選的有formula(公式、方案)和package(包裹)。這里意思更合理的是package，這個(gè)詞可以表示“一攬子計(jì)劃”，early-retirement package意為“提前退休計(jì)劃”。 　　長篇閱讀

　　Lessons from a feminist paradise on Equal Pay Day

　　By Christina Hoff Sommers

　　本文選自2013年4月9日的 American Enterprise Institute

　　46. Sweden has done more than other nations to close the gender gap, but it continues to exist.

　　答案J。

　　解析：“has done more than other nations”對應(yīng)第一句“has gone farther than any other nation”, “close the gender gap”對應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二句“close the gender divide”，“it continues to exist”對應(yīng)最后一句“the divide persists”

　　47. Sweden is one of the most competitive economies in the world and its people enjoy the greatest life satisfaction.

　　答案I。

　　解析： “one of the most competitive economies in the world”對應(yīng)第二句 “the world’s third most competitive economy”， “…enjoy the greatest life satisfaction”對應(yīng)第三句“… also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness”

　　48. More American women hold elite job positions in business than Swedish women.

　　答案M。

　　解析： “elite job positions” 對應(yīng)第一句“elite competitive positions”， “More American…than Swedish women”對應(yīng)第一句瑞士的政策正在“reducing the number of women in elite positions”,結(jié)合后文提到美國的情況，得出更多美國女性擁有高級職位。

　　49. Swedish family-friendly policies tend to exert a negative influence on women’s career.

　　答案D。

　　解析： “Swedish family-friendly policies”對應(yīng)第一句“Generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options”，“a negative influence”指的就是第二句提到的“they appear to weaken it”，這里的it指的是前文提到的“women’s attachment to the workplace” 。

　　50. The quota system in Sweden ensures women’s better representation in government.

　　答案A。

　　解析： “The quota system in Sweden”對應(yīng)第四句“an unofficial quota system”，“representation in government” 對應(yīng)后來提到的“45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament” 。

　　51. Though the Swedish model appears workable for most American parents, it may not be accepted by them in its entirely.

　　答案H。

　　解析：“the Swedish model appears workable for most American parents”對應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二句“Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents”，“may not be accepted by them in its entirely”對應(yīng)最后一句“unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model”。

　　52. Swedish women are allowed the freedom and opportunity to choose their own way of life.

　　答案M。

　　解析：瑞典的女性有更多自由和機(jī)會來選擇想要的生活。該句直接對應(yīng)M段倒數(shù)第3句話：” the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.”

　　53. Swedish employers are hesitant about hiring women for full-time positions because of the family-friendly policies.

　　答案E。

　　解析：因?yàn)榧彝ビ押眯驼�策，瑞典的雇主們在雇傭全職女性時(shí)會有顧慮。對應(yīng)E段第一句話，” they make employers wary of hiring women for full-time positions at all.”句中 they 指的就是family-friendly policies，而be hesitant about是對be wary of的改寫。

　　54. Gender-awareness education is becoming more and more popular in state-subsidized preschools in Sweden.

　　答案A。

　　解析：根據(jù) “Gender-awareness education”對應(yīng)到A段第3句話：“state-subsidized preschools where, gender-awareness education is increasingly common.” 而 “more and more popular”就是對 “increasingly common”的改寫。

　　55. Some lawmakers in Sweden propose the genderless pronouns be used in the Swedish language.

　　答案L。

　　解析：根據(jù)”lawmakers”對應(yīng)到L段第一句“l(fā)egislators”，”the genderless pronouns” 對應(yīng) “replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative”。 　仔細(xì)閱讀

　　第一篇：Texting LOL

　　本文選自2013年4月25日TIME的Is Texting Killing the English Language? 作者是John McWhorter。

　　56. C. It will ruin the written language.

　　解析：題干問到批評者對短消息的評價(jià)，這出現(xiàn)在首段首句。這里批評者哀嘆短消息是downfall of the written word(書面文字的衰落)。downfall對應(yīng)ruin(毀壞、墮落)，written word對應(yīng)written language。

　　57. A. It is crafted with specific skills.

　　解析：題干所問的書面語與口語的區(qū)別出現(xiàn)在第二段。本段，作者用兩者歷史長短的差異引出了兩者特點(diǎn)的差異：書面語是出現(xiàn)在口語之后的一種工藝(writing is just a craft that came along later)。下文具體舉例，體現(xiàn)了書面語突出句子的技術(shù)性(crafting long-winded sentences)。這都對應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)所說的“書面語歷史不如口語久”(It does not have as long a history)在本段有提及，但并非是作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的兩者的區(qū)別。其它選項(xiàng)未提及。

　　58. A. It brings texters closer to each other.

　　解析：題干問到LOL在短信中的功能，出現(xiàn)在第四段。該段開頭指出LOL并不是簡單的字面意思(doesn’t mean…in a literal sense anymore)，而是演變?yōu)榱烁�微妙、�?fù)雜的含義(evolve into something much subtler and sophisticated)。我該段中間進(jìn)一步舉例指出，LOL可以消除對話雙方的緊張、創(chuàng)造公平感(easing tension and creating a sense of equality)。這即被改寫為brings texters closer(將雙方拉得更近)。

　　59. D. the gradual change of word meaning

　　解析：題干問到meat和silly的例子被引用是為了說明什么。文中meat和silly出現(xiàn)在第五段末的破折號后，而破折號前即是這兩個(gè)詞作為例子要論證的觀點(diǎn)：詞與表達(dá)的意思會隨著時(shí)間變化(Over time, the meaning of a word or an expression frits)。這對應(yīng)的即是D選項(xiàng)。

　　60. B. It is a new form of verbal communication.

　　解析：本題所問的作者對短信息的觀點(diǎn)集中出現(xiàn)在末段。末段首句作者提出發(fā)短信并不會導(dǎo)致寫作技能的衰退(there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills)。第二句提到發(fā)短信事實(shí)上是一種用手指說話的方式(is actually a way of talking with your fingers)，這對應(yīng)的就是B選項(xiàng)的意思。 　　第二篇：Oprah Winfrey and Harvard

　　本文選自2013年5月31日TIME: Oprah as Harvard’s Commencement Speaker Is an Endorsement of Phony Science (by Erika Christakis and Nicholas A. Christakis).

　　61. B. She worked her way to success in the entertainment industry.

　　解析：文章首段介紹了關(guān)于Oprah Winfrey的信息。首段末提到她為one of the world’s most successful entertainment icons(世界上最的娛樂偶像之一)，這對應(yīng)的就是B選項(xiàng)。其它幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)，A稱其為“哈佛大學(xué)法學(xué)院”的畢業(yè)生(a distinguished graduate of Harvard School of Law)，但首段首句明確提出哈佛只是給她辦法榮譽(yù)博士學(xué)位(honorary doctor of law degree)，可知她本人并非哈佛畢業(yè)。C說她曾“虐待自己的小孩”(abuse her children)，但首段末句只是提到她本人曾被虐待、且曾是一位年輕的母親(this former abused teenage mother)。D稱她通過長期支持偽科學(xué)而有名(achieved her fame through advocacy of fake science)。第二段第四句確實(shí)提及Opera支持偽科學(xué)理論，但這并非她成名之道;她是由娛樂界的身份而成名的。

　　62. B. She was known as a supporter of fake science.

　　解析：題干問到作者認(rèn)為哈佛不應(yīng)該給Oprah頒發(fā)榮譽(yù)學(xué)位的原因，作者在第二段第三句中提到了這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)(Oprah’s particular brand of celebrity is not a good fit)。原因出現(xiàn)在第四句，作者提出Oprah一致相當(dāng)擁護(hù)偽科學(xué)理論(Oprah’s passionate advocacy extends to a hearty embrace of fake science)。這對應(yīng)的即是B選項(xiàng)。

　　63. A. He was strongly against it.

　　解析：題干問到的Harry Lewis在Blog spot中對哈佛行為的評價(jià)出現(xiàn)在文章第四段第二句，這里明確說道Harry表示了他對此行為的反對(objection)，并舉他具體的話強(qiáng)調(diào)了他認(rèn)為哈佛決定的不妥以及不合時(shí)宜。這對應(yīng)的是A選項(xiàng)。其它選項(xiàng)都無法體現(xiàn)Harry的強(qiáng)烈負(fù)面態(tài)度。

　　64. A. They show inadequate respect for evidence-based inquiry.

　　解析：題干問到作者對許多美國大學(xué)的遺憾，這直接對應(yīng)第六段段首的unfortunately，其后面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該就是令作者感到遺憾的事。這里作者提到許多美國大學(xué)只忙于維護(hù)品牌，對追求知識的保護(hù)則不足夠(not busy enough protecting the pursuit of knowledge)。這里的not enough即對應(yīng)inadequate�？紤]到上段末作者曾提到哈佛這類大學(xué)應(yīng)該要公開肯定基于證據(jù)的質(zhì)詢(public affirmation of evidence-based inquiry)，而affirmation對應(yīng)respect。結(jié)合上述信息與本段首的unfortunately，可知這里作者想表達(dá)的也就應(yīng)該是這些大學(xué)對于evidence-based inquiry的肯定做得不夠。

　　65. D. Pursuit of knowledge and truth.

　　解析：題干問到作者認(rèn)為像哈佛這種大學(xué)應(yīng)該關(guān)注的方面是什么，這對應(yīng)末段首句作者提到的primary mission(首要任務(wù))，因此這里提到的produce and spread knowledge(制造與傳播知識)即應(yīng)該是正確答案信息，對應(yīng)的也只有D 選項(xiàng)。 　　翻譯一： 　　中文熱詞通常反映社會變化和文化，有些在外國媒體上愈來愈流行。例如，土豪和大媽都是老詞，但已獲取了新的意義。

　　土豪以前指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉(xiāng)村地主，現(xiàn)在用于指花錢如流水或喜歡炫耀財(cái)富的人， 也就是說，土豪有錢，但是沒有品位。大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但是現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價(jià)大跌時(shí)大量購買黃金的中國婦女。

　　土豪和大媽可能會被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英語詞典，至今約有120中文加進(jìn)了牛津英語詞典，成了英語語言的一部分。

　　The Chinese heated words usually reflect social changes and culture, some of which are increasingly popular with foreign media. Tuhao and dama, for example, are both old words, but they get different meanings now.

　　The word tuhao used to mean rural landlords who oppress their tenants and servants, while now it refers to people spending money without limits or those showing off all around. That is to say, tuhao owns money rather than taste. The word dama is used to describe middle-aged women. However, it is regarded as a special word to call those Chinese women who rushed to purchase gold when the gold price decreased sharply not long ago.

　　Tuhao and dama may be included in the new Oxford dictionary. Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to it, becoming a part of English language.

　　此篇文章難度系數(shù)不高，屬于熱門話題，所以同學(xué)們在平時(shí)備考時(shí)可以多了解一些熱門話題并對其相關(guān)的英文文章多加記憶，會對考試有很大的幫助。

　　首先我們來看第一段話的重要考察點(diǎn)：

　　1中文熱詞通常反映社會變化和文化，有些(The Chinese heated words usually reflect social changes and culture， some of which)，這里考查的語法知識很典型，屬于非限定性定語從句，從句中的which 指代Chinese heated words。如果基礎(chǔ)不好的同學(xué)也可以不用從句而直接用and 連接兩個(gè)簡單句的翻譯方法，比如(social changes and culture, and some of them )。

　　2愈來愈流行 (increasingly popular) 這里屬于“越來越+形容詞”的考查點(diǎn)如果基礎(chǔ)不好的同學(xué)可以用最樸素的more and more +adj. 來替換，這里不像寫作，只需要你能翻出來正確的表達(dá)就ok 。

　　3例如 (for example )注意舉例子在翻譯中是非常常見的知識點(diǎn)，所以同學(xué)們一定要多積累一些舉例的方法。 以下列出一些常用的表達(dá)： like ，such as ，for example ， for instance 。

　　第二段重點(diǎn)分析如下：

　　1 定語從句 ：指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉(xiāng)村地主 (rural landlords who oppress their tenants and servants) 考查標(biāo)志詞“的”，在翻譯中遇到“V.+n.+的+n.” 這樣的表達(dá)時(shí)我們可以考慮使用定從來翻譯。比如我們看這句話后面的一部分 “現(xiàn)在用于指花錢如流水或喜歡炫耀財(cái)富的人” 這里的“喜歡炫耀+財(cái)富+的+人”符合我們的模式，我們可以這樣翻譯：people who spend money without any limits or like to show off around 。 當(dāng)然范文中使用的是分詞做定語(people spending money without limits or those showing off all around) 基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué)可以用這樣的翻譯方法，但實(shí)在不能掌握的用定語從句也是很好的。

　　2 解釋，描述性的詞語：本段多處用到描述的詞語而在翻譯中描述的詞匯也是極其�？嫉�，希望同學(xué)們多做積累。這里列出一些描述，解釋性的詞語供大家參考：mean ，refers to ，that is to say，describe ，be regarded as .

　　3狀語從句：(現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價(jià)大跌時(shí)大量購買黃金的中國婦女。)這句話是定語從句+狀語從句的考查，考查的是when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語。對于這種從句復(fù)合式的考法同學(xué)們要理清思路，只要思路清晰翻譯起來很好拿分。 這里定語從句的判斷還是服從我們講過的“v.購買+n.黃金+的+n.婦女” 模式 。

　　第三段的重點(diǎn)如下：

　　1 多動詞的翻譯：一句話中若有多個(gè)動詞那這句話的翻譯時(shí)動詞的翻譯一定是重點(diǎn)考查對象。(土豪和大媽可能會被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英語詞典，至今約有120中文加進(jìn)了牛津英語詞典，成了英語語言的一部分。 )

　　此句中第一第二個(gè)動詞已經(jīng)被至今這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語所分割開來，所以沒有什么好講的，而第二個(gè)動詞與第三個(gè)之間沒有明顯的銜接或分割，那么我們就要注意要么用連詞連接成為兩個(gè)簡單句(比如Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to it, and become a part of English language).要么使用其他的方法講起成為一個(gè)句子，而這里我們使用的是將第三個(gè)動詞用分詞形式來出現(xiàn)。(Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to it, becoming a part of English language.)以上兩種翻譯方法都是可行的。

　　綜上所述，不難看出本篇文章翻譯所考察的知識點(diǎn)其實(shí)是很常見的知識點(diǎn)，而且一句話往往有很多種翻譯方法，它并不像寫作那樣對于表達(dá)有所謂高級和低級之分，只要能翻出正確的表達(dá)，都是能夠拿到相應(yīng)分?jǐn)?shù)的，所以在翻譯過程中一定要選擇自己所能駕馭的層次來翻，不求多難只求達(dá)意。 　　二：中國科學(xué)院

　　最近中國科學(xué)院(Chinese Academy of Science )出版了關(guān)于其最新科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與未來一年展望的年度系列報(bào)告。系列報(bào)告包括三部分：科學(xué)發(fā)展報(bào)告，高技術(shù)發(fā)展報(bào)告，中國可持續(xù)戰(zhàn)略報(bào)告。第一份報(bào)告包含中國科學(xué)家的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新粒子研究與H7N9病毒研究的突破。該報(bào)告還突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了未來幾年需要關(guān)注的問題。第二份報(bào)告公布了一些應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究的熱門領(lǐng)域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份報(bào)告呼吁加強(qiáng)頂層設(shè)計(jì)，以消除工業(yè)升級中的結(jié)構(gòu)性障礙，并促進(jìn)節(jié)能減排。

　　Chinese Academy of Science recently published an annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year. The report consists of three parts: science development, more advanced technology development and the sustainable strategy of China. The first one includes the latest findings of Chinese scientists, such as the research of new particle and the breakthrough in the study of H7N9 virus. Furthermore, it highlights some problems we need to focus in next few years. The second one announces some heated fields in applied science. For example, the 3-dimension print and the study of artificial human organs. The third one suggests people enhance the top design in order to get rid of the structural obstacles in industrial upgrading and to promote the energy-saving and emission-reduction.

　　解析：第一句，修飾成分較長，注意分清主干(中國科學(xué)院出版了年度系列報(bào)告);第二句，句式簡單，考察詞匯;第三句考察同義詞包括(include,consist of)替換;第四句無難度;第五句結(jié)構(gòu)和第三句一致，考察專業(yè)詞匯的翻譯(應(yīng)用科學(xué)，3D); 第六句考察suggest后虛擬語氣用should do, do 通常省略，另外考察詞匯節(jié)能減排。 　三：環(huán)境污染

　　北京計(jì)劃未來三年投資7600億元治理污染，從減少pm2.5排放入手。這一新公布的計(jì)劃旨在減少四種主要污染源，包括500萬輛機(jī)動車的尾氣排放、周邊地區(qū)燃煤、來自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建筑灰塵，另外850億元用于新建或升級城市垃圾處理和污水處理設(shè)施，加上300億元投資未來三年的植樹造林。

　　市政府還計(jì)劃建造一批水循環(huán)利用工廠，并制止違章建筑，以改善環(huán)境。另外，北京還將更嚴(yán)厲地處罰違反減排規(guī)定的行為。

　　Beijing is going to invest 760 billion yuan in next three years to control pollution, beginning with cutting down the emission of PM 2.5 . This newly announced project aims to reduce four major sources of pollution, including exhaust from 5000 thousand motor vehicles, coal-burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north and local construction dust. Another 85 billion yuan is used to build or upgrade the facilities of disposing garbage and sewage of the city. In addition, 30 billion to support afforestation programs in next three years.

　　The municipal government also plans to construct some plants to use cycle water, banning illegal constructions to modify the environment. Furthermore, Beijing will punish those who violate the rules of emission-reduction more severely.

　　解析：第一句包含兩個(gè)簡單句，兩句主語一致，所以可以將后半句改為非謂語形式; 第二句，考察詞匯尾氣、燃煤、沙塵暴、建筑灰塵;第三句和第四句都是簡單句，考察垃圾處理、污水處理、植樹造林的表達(dá);第五句兩項(xiàng)政府舉措，仍然將第二句用非謂語表達(dá)。最后一句注意定語從句的使用。

　　總體上看，這篇六級翻譯句式不算很復(fù)雜，但是對熱點(diǎn)詞匯的考察占了比較大的比重。