【#新概念英語# #新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson1-20自學(xué)筆記精講解析#】新概念英語第一冊(cè)是英語初級(jí)階段，這套經(jīng)典教材通過完整的英語學(xué)習(xí)體系，能夠幫助學(xué)生掌握英語的四項(xiàng)基本技能—聽、說、讀、寫，使學(xué)生能在學(xué)習(xí)中大限度地發(fā)揮自己的潛能。學(xué)習(xí)英語重要的是思考，只有不斷地思考，才能深入地理解，從而進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作。英語一定要多練習(xí)，只有這樣才能始終保持著對(duì)英語學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。以下是®無憂考網(wǎng)整理的新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson1-20自學(xué)筆記精講解析，歡迎閱讀！
1.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson1-2自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1. Excuse me! 對(duì)不起。
這是常用于表示道歉的客套話，相當(dāng)于漢語中的“勞駕”、“對(duì)不起”。當(dāng)我們要引起別人的注意、要打攪別人或打斷別人的話時(shí)，通常都可使用這一表達(dá)方式。在課文中，男士為了吸引女士的注意而使用了這句客套話。它也可用在下列場(chǎng)合：向陌生人問路，借用他人的電話，從別人身邊擠過，在宴席或會(huì)議中途要離開一會(huì)兒等等。
2. Yes? 什么事?
課文中的 Yes? 應(yīng)用升調(diào)朗讀，意為：“什么事?”Yes? 以升調(diào)表示某種不肯定或詢問之意，也含有請(qǐng)對(duì)方說下去的意思。
3. Pardon? 對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍。
當(dāng)我們沒聽清或沒理解對(duì)方的話并希望對(duì)方能重復(fù)一遍時(shí)，就可以使用這一表達(dá)方式。較為正式的說法是：
I beg your pardon. I beg your pardon? Pardon me.
它們?cè)跐h語中的意思相當(dāng)于“對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍”或者“對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍好嗎?”
4. Thank you very much. 非常感謝!
這是一句表示感謝的用語，意為“非常感謝(你)”。請(qǐng)看下列類似的表達(dá)式，并注意其語氣上的差異：
Thank you. 謝謝(你)。 Thanks! 謝謝!
5. 數(shù)字1～10的英文寫法
1—one 2—two 3—three 4—four 5—five
6—six 7—seven 8—eight 9—nine 10—ten
6. 語法 Grammar in use
一般疑問句：
一般疑問句根據(jù)其結(jié)構(gòu)又分為若干種。通過主謂倒裝可將帶有be的陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧�。即將be的適當(dāng)形式移到主語之前，如：
陳述句：This is your watch. 這是你的手表。
疑問句：Is this your watch? 這是你的手表嗎?
2.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson3-4自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.My coat and my umbrella please. 請(qǐng)把我的大衣和傘拿給我。
這是一個(gè)省略形式的祈使句，完整的句子應(yīng)為：Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.
口語中，在語境明確的情況下通常可省略動(dòng)詞和間接賓語，如：
(Show me your) Ticket, please. 請(qǐng)出示你的票。
2.Here's your umbrella and your coat. 這是您的傘和大衣。
Here's 是 Here is的縮略形式。全句原為：Here is your umbrella and your coat.縮略形式和非縮略形式在英語的書面用語和口語中均有，但非縮略形式常用于比較正式的場(chǎng)合。Here's…是一種習(xí)慣用法，句中采用了倒裝句式，即系動(dòng)詞提到了主語之前。又如 Here is my ticket 這句話用正常的語序時(shí)為 My ticket is here。
3.Sorry = I'm sorry。
這是口語中的縮略形式，通常在社交場(chǎng)合中用于表示對(duì)他人的歉意或某種程度的遺憾。
Sorry 和 Excuse me 雖在漢語中都可作“對(duì)不起”講，但 sorry 常用于對(duì)自己所犯過失表示道歉，而 Excuse me 則多為表示輕微歉意的客套語。
4.Sir，先生。
這是英語中對(duì)不相識(shí)的男子、年長者或上級(jí)的尊稱。例如：在服務(wù)行業(yè)中，服務(wù)員對(duì)男顧客的稱呼通常為 sir：
What can I do for you, sir? 先生，您要買什么?
Thank you, sir. 謝謝您，先生。
sir 通常用于正式信函開頭的稱呼中：
Dear sir 親愛的先生 Dear sirs 親愛的先生們/諸位先生們
Sir可用于有爵士稱號(hào)者的名字或姓名之前(但不用于姓氏之前)：
Sir Winston Churchill 溫斯頓·丘吉爾爵士
Sir William Brown 威廉·布朗爵士
5. 數(shù)字11～15的英文寫法
11—eleven 12—twelve 13—thirteen 14—fourteen 15—fifteen
6. 語法 Grammar in use
否定句：
否定陳述句與肯定陳述句相反，它表示“否定”，并且含有一個(gè)如not 之類的否定詞。一個(gè)內(nèi)含be的否定形式的陳述句，應(yīng)在其后加 not，以構(gòu)成否定句：
肯定句：This is my umbrella. 這是我的傘。
否定句：This is not my umbrella. 這不是我的傘。
針對(duì)一般疑問句的否定的簡(jiǎn)略答語是No，it's not/it isn't。此處省略和非省略形式的關(guān)系為：is not =isn't;it is = it's。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.suit n.(一套)衣服： Is this your suit? 這是你的衣服嗎?
a man's suit 一套男裝 a woman's suit 一套女裝
2.please interjection(表示有禮貌地請(qǐng)求對(duì)方)請(qǐng);煩勞：
My coat and my umbrella please. 請(qǐng)把我的大衣和傘拿給我。
Please come in. 請(qǐng)進(jìn)。
3.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson5-6自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.Good morning.早上好。
英語中常見的問候用句。對(duì)此問候的回應(yīng)一般也是Good morning。根據(jù)一天中見面時(shí)間的不同還可以說Good afternoon (下午好)和 Good evening(晚上好)。有時(shí)英美人見面時(shí)只簡(jiǎn)單地說一聲Hello。
2.This is Miss Sophie Dupont.
這位是索菲婭·杜邦小姐。
This is+姓名是將某人介紹給他人時(shí)常用的句式。課文中的例子還有：
Sophie, this is Hans.
索菲婭，這位是漢斯。
And this is Naoko.
這位是直子。
3.Mr. Blake/Miss Sophie Dupont，布萊克先生/索菲婭·杜邦小姐。
英語國家中人的姓名通常由3部分組成，即：名+中間名+姓。
在一般情況下，不用中間名。在熟悉的人中間，以名相稱，而在正式的場(chǎng)合中常用 Mr.(先生)，Mrs.(太太)，Miss(小姐)或Ms.(女士)這些稱呼再加上姓。
Mr.用于男士的姓之前，不能單獨(dú)使用，如課文中的 Mr.Blake;而sir 一般單獨(dú)使用，是對(duì)長者、上司或男顧客的尊稱，如：
Sorry, sir. 對(duì)不起，先生。
Miss 一般用于指未婚女子，不過有時(shí)在不知道對(duì)方是否已婚時(shí)也可使用。
4.Nice to meet you.很高興見到你。
用于初次與他人見面等非正式場(chǎng)合。對(duì)方的回應(yīng)一般應(yīng)為Nice to meet you，too(我也很高興見到你)。
人們?cè)谡降膱?chǎng)合初次見面時(shí)常用：How do you do?相應(yīng)的回答也是：How do you do?這是一句問候語，并非問話。
5.國籍與國家名稱有別
請(qǐng)不要將國家名稱和與其對(duì)應(yīng)的國籍搞混。課文的 French，German，Japanese，Korean以及Chinese都是表示國籍的詞。句中表示中國國籍的詞應(yīng)為 Chinese 而不是 China。
語法 Grammar in use：
1.特殊疑問句
以疑問詞 who，what，when，which，why，where，whose，how 等引導(dǎo)的問句都叫特殊疑問句，也叫疑問詞疑問句，有時(shí)還被稱為 wh-問句(wh-question)。結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：疑問詞+助動(dòng)詞+主語+主動(dòng)詞等。作為疑問詞的what可以用來詢問名字、國籍、工作、顏色、型號(hào)等。例如以下幾個(gè)問句：
What make is this car?
這輛小汽車是什么牌子的?
What nationality are you?
你是哪國人?
What is your job?
你的工作是干什么?
What colour is it?
它是什么顏色的?
What size is this skirt?
這條裙子是多大號(hào)的?
2.a 和 an
Sophie is a new student.
索菲婭是一名新學(xué)生。
This is an umbrella.
這是一把雨傘。
4.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson7-8自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.My name's = My name is。
這是自我介紹時(shí)通常使用的句型：My name is…(后面加上自己的姓名)。有時(shí)也可用I'm…這一句型。
2.Are you French，too?你也是法國人嗎?
在英語中，too和either兩個(gè)詞都表示“也”的意思，然而too僅用于肯定句中，either 則限于用在否定句中。too和either一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗號(hào)隔開。例如：
Is Sophie Italian, too?
索菲婭也是意大利人嗎?
Is Robert a keyboard operator, too?
羅伯特也是電腦錄入員嗎?
3.What nationality are you?你是哪國人?
此問句用來詢問對(duì)方的國籍。也可以問 Where are you from?或 Where do you come from?
4.What's your job?你是做什么工作的?
What's =What is。詢問對(duì)方從事何種職業(yè)時(shí)還可以說：What do you do?
5.I'm an engineer.我是工程師。
I'm/aim/=I am�？谡Z中經(jīng)常使用這種縮略形式。英語不定冠詞有兩個(gè)：a，an。在發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的詞前面用an，在發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的詞前面用a。engineer的發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭的，所以前面要用an。(可參見Lessons 5～6 中的有關(guān)說明。)
6.數(shù)字16～20的英文寫法
16—sixteen 17—seventeen 18—eighteen 19—nineteen 20—twenty
語法 Grammar in use：
以疑問詞what所引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句
(可參見 Lessons 5～6中的有關(guān)說明。)What…?這一問句可以用來詢問國籍、工作等等：
What nationality are you?
你是哪國人?
What's your job?
你是干什么的?
對(duì)于以上兩個(gè)問句可如下回答：
I'm Swedish.
我是瑞典人。
I'm an air hostess.
我是一名空中小姐。
現(xiàn)在不妨改用第3人稱單數(shù)來進(jìn)行類似的問答：
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.job n.(1)職業(yè)：
What's your job? 你是做什么工作的?
(2)(一件)工作，活計(jì)：
The whole job takes about 40 minutes.
整個(gè)工作大約需要四十分鐘。
(3)職責(zé)：
It's your job to be on time.
準(zhǔn)時(shí)是你應(yīng)該做到的事。
2.nurse
(1)n.護(hù)士;照料者：
Is she a nurse or a housewife?
她是護(hù)士還是家庭主婦?
(2)v.照料;照看：
All her time goes into nursing her child.
她把全部時(shí)間都花于照看自己的孩子上了。
(3)v .養(yǎng)護(hù);培養(yǎng)：
nurse a young tree 養(yǎng)護(hù)樹苗
nurse an author of promise 培養(yǎng)有前途的作家
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises：
Lesson 8
A
1 My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.
2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.
3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.
B
1 What's his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.
2 What's her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is.
3 What's his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.
4 What's her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is.
5 What's his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is.
6 What's her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.
7 What's his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is.
8 What's his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is.
9 What's her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is.
10 What's his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is.
5.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson9-10自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.How are you today?你今天好嗎?
這是朋友或相識(shí)的人之間見面時(shí)問對(duì)方身體情況的寒暄話，一般回答語為：
Fine, thank you. 很好，謝謝。
I'm fine, thank you. 很好，謝謝。
I'm very well, thank you. 很好，謝謝。
如問及對(duì)方的先生或太太的情況，可以說 How is Tony?或How's Emma?等。
相應(yīng)的回答可為 He's fine，thanks 或 She's very well，thank you等。
2.And you?你好嗎?
是And how are you?的簡(jiǎn)略說法。在回答對(duì)方問候健康的話之后反問時(shí)用。
3.數(shù)字21與22的英文寫法
21—twenty-one 22—twenty-two
語法 Grammar in use：
1.How…? 的一些社交上的用法
how 是一個(gè)表示“如何”的疑問詞，可以用來引導(dǎo)一些用于社交場(chǎng)合的套話：
(1)用于詢問健康狀況或一般生活情況：
How are you? 你好嗎?
How is Helen today? 海倫今天好嗎?
How have you been? 你一向可好?
(2)How do you do?(你好嗎?)是正式介紹中的一句套話，從不用來詢問健康：
(3)how 經(jīng)常用在詢問目前狀況的疑問句里，如：
How's life? 生活如何?
How are things? 情況怎樣?
How's work? 工作怎么樣?
2.形容詞的意義與作用
(1)形容詞修飾名詞所指的人、物等。我們用形容詞說明人、物等是什么樣或看上去是什么樣的。例如，形容詞可以表示質(zhì)量、大小、新舊、溫度、形狀、顏色、產(chǎn)地。
(2)許多形容詞可用以回答 What…like?這樣的問題，并可根據(jù)上下文給出籠統(tǒng)的或確切的信息。
(3)英語中形容詞作定語時(shí)一般置于名詞之前，如：
a young nurse 一位年輕的護(hù)士 an old mechanic 一位老機(jī)械師
a lazy housewife 一個(gè)懶惰的家庭主婦 a thin woman 一個(gè)瘦瘦的女人
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.look v. (1)看，瞧，觀，望：
Look at that man. Is he thin?
瞧那個(gè)男人。他瘦嗎?
Look carefully before you cross the street.
過馬路前要仔細(xì)看清來往車輛。
(2)面向，朝向：
The room looks on the sea.
房間面向大海。
Two windows look to the south.
兩扇窗子朝南。
2.fine adj. (1)健康的;舒適的：
How is Steven today?
史蒂文今天怎么樣?
(2)極好的，優(yōu)秀的：
a fine view 美好的景色
a fine teacher 一位優(yōu)秀教師
(3)優(yōu)雅的，雅致的：
He is a man with fine manners.
他是一個(gè)舉止優(yōu)雅的男人。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 10
A
1 Mr. Blake isn't a student. He's a teacher.
2 This isn't my umbrella. It's your umbrella.
3 Sophie isn't a teacher. She's a keyboard operator.
4 Steven isn't cold. He's hot.
5 Naoko isn't Chinese. She's Japanese.
6 This isn't a German car. It's a Swedish car.
B
1 Look at that man. He's very fat.
2 Look at that woman. She's very thin.
3 Look at that policeman. He's very tall.
4 Look at that policewoman. She's very short.
5 Look at that mechanic. He's very dirty.
6 Look at that nurse. She's very clean.
7 Look at Steven. He's very hot.
8 Look at Emma. She's very cold.
9 Look at that milkman. He's very old.
10 Look at that air hostess. She's very young.
11 Look at that hairdresser. He's very busy.
6.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson11-12自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.Whose shirt is that?那是誰的襯衫?
這是特殊疑問句。讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。
2.Yes，sir?什么事，先生?
請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 1～2課文詳注以及 Lessons 3～4課文詳注。
3.Here you are.給你。
是給對(duì)方東西時(shí)的習(xí)慣用語。遞給對(duì)方東西或?qū)Ψ皆谡夷澄锒阒赋鲈撐镌谑裁吹胤綍r(shí)，往往用這種表達(dá)方式。也可以說：Here it is(指單數(shù)的物)或 Here they are(指復(fù)數(shù)的物)。句中的are和is一般應(yīng)重讀。
4.非省略形式和省略形式之間的關(guān)系
it is not = it isn't = it's not。
5.數(shù)字30的英文寫法 30 —thirty
語法 Grammar in use
1.以疑問詞 whose 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句
(1)用來詢問所有關(guān)系。所有者總是一個(gè)人而且期望得到的回答是某人的名字加-'s形式(如 Tim's蒂姆的)，或者是一個(gè)所有格代詞(如 mine我的)。
(2)這時(shí) whose 也可在句子中作表語。
(3)當(dāng)所有關(guān)系中指的是某件東西或某種物質(zhì)時(shí)，whose后面的名詞可以省略。
2.所有格形容詞和所有格代詞
(1)所有格形容詞與所有格代詞都表示所有，即某人或某物屬于某一個(gè)人，回答以whose引導(dǎo)的問句。所有格形容詞my，your等是限定詞，必須始終放在名詞之前，只能作定語。它們的形式取決于所有者，而不是被擁有的東西。所有格代詞mine，yours等不能用在名詞前，并且在說話時(shí)要加重語氣。它們指人或物，單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都一樣。如：
This is my car.
這是我的汽車。(定語)
That is her coat.
這是她的上衣。(定語)
Your car is red，mine is blue.
你的車是紅色的，我的是藍(lán)色的。(主語)
This book is his，not yours. 這本書是他的，不是你的。(表語)
I have my way, and she has hers. 我有我的處事方式，她有她的。(賓語)
(2)名詞所有格是在詞尾加-'s構(gòu)成的，不僅可作定語，還可作表語：
Is this Dave's shirt?
這是戴夫的襯衫嗎?(作定語)
Whose is that shirt? Is it your daughter's?
那條裙子是誰的?是你女兒的嗎?(作表語)
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.perhaps adv. 或許，大概，可能：
Perhaps it is, sir.
也許是，先生。
Perhaps it will rain.
也許要下雨了。
Perhaps it's Sophie's handbag.
也許這是索菲婭的手提包。
2.catch v. (1)接住，攔�。�
Catch! 接著!
(2)逮住，捕獲：
catch a thief 捉住一個(gè)賊
(3)染上(疾病)：
catch a cold 傷風(fēng)
I have caught a bad cold.
我得了重感冒。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises：
Lesson 12
A
1 Stella is here. That is her car.
2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?
3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.
4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.
B
1 Whose is this handbag? It's Stella 's. It's her handbag.
2 Whose is this car? It's Paul's. It's his car.
3 Whose is this coat? It's Sophie 's. It's her coat.
4 Whose is this umbrella? It's Steven's. It's his umbrella.
5 Whose is this pen? It's my daughter's. It's her pen.
6 Whose is this dress? It's my son's. It's his dress.
7 Whose is this suit? It's my father's. It's his suit.
8 Whose is this skirt? It's my mother's. It's her skirt.
9 Whose is this blouse? It's my sister's. It's her blouse.
10 Whose is this tie? It's my brother's. It's his tie.
11 Whose is this pen? It's Sophie's. It's her pen.
12 Whose is this pencil? It's Hans'. It's his pencil.
7.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson13-14自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.It's the same colour.一樣的顏色。
same 通常與定冠詞the連用，表示“同一的”、“相同的”
two boys of the same age 兩個(gè)同齡的男孩子
We live in the same city. 我們住在同一個(gè)城市里。
2.That is a lovely hat!真是一頂可愛的帽子!
句末用的是驚嘆號(hào)，表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的感情 色彩。句中的 is 用斜體，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，應(yīng)重讀。
3.數(shù)字 40，50，60，70，80，90，100，101的英文寫法
40—forty 50—fifty 60—sixty 70—seventy 80—eighty 90—ninety
100—a hundred 101—a hundred and one
語法 Grammar in use：
1.what colour(s)引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句
(可參見 Lessons 5～6語法中有關(guān)特殊疑問句的說明。)
以疑問詞 what引導(dǎo)的 What colour…?和 What colours…?
類型的特殊疑問句式用于詢問顏色。又如：
What colour is Anna's hat? 安娜的帽子是什么顏色的?
What colour's Helen's dog? 海倫的狗是什么顏色的?
What colour's your shirt? 你的襯衣是什么顏色的?
What colour is it? 它是什么顏色的?
2.祈使句
(1)祈使句的主語通常不直接表示出來，其謂語動(dòng)詞用原型。祈使句用來表示請(qǐng)求、建議、命令、叮囑等。如：
Follow me. 跟我來。
Shut the door, please. 請(qǐng)關(guān)門。
Look out! 當(dāng)心!
Keep off the grass! 請(qǐng)勿踐踏草地!
Help yourself. 請(qǐng)自己動(dòng)手。
(2)某些祈使動(dòng)詞可以后跟and和另一個(gè)祈使動(dòng)詞，而不是后跟人們預(yù)料的帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)：
Come and see this goldfish.
來看這條金魚。(不用 Come to see)
Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.
去給自己買雙新鞋吧。(不用 Go to buy)
Wait and see.
等著瞧吧。(不用 Wait to see)
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.nice adj.
(1)美好的，好看的：
It's a nice day today, isn't it? 今天天氣真好，不是嗎?
That's a nice dress. 那件連衣裙真好看。
(2)和藹的，友好的：
He is very nice to his neighbours. 他對(duì)鄰居很友善。
(3)使人高興的，令人愉快的：
It is so nice to have you here. 你能在這兒真是太好了。
Have a nice time! 祝你玩得痛快點(diǎn)!
2.smart adj.
(1)漂亮的，時(shí)髦的，巧妙的：
Anna's hat is smart. 安娜的帽子漂亮而別致。
You look smart in that new dress. 你穿那件新連衣裙看上去時(shí)髦而灑脫
(2)聰明的，伶俐的，精明的：
She is a smart student. 她是一名聰穎的學(xué)生。
He is a smart businessman. 他是一位精明的商人。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises：
Lesson 14
A
1 This is Paul's car.
2 This is Sophie's coat.
3 This is Helen's dog.
4 This is my father's suit.
5 This is my daughter's dress.
B
1 What colour's Steven's car? His car's blue.
2 What colour's Tim's shirt? His shirt's white.
3 What colour's Sophie s coat? Her coat's grey.
4 What colour's Mrs. White's carpet? Her carpet's red.
5 What colour's Dave's tie? His tie's orange.
6 What colour's Steven's hat? His hat is grey and black.
7 What colour's Helen's dog? Her dog's brown and white.
8 What colour's Hans' pen? His pen's green.
9 What colour's Luming's suit? His suit's grey.
10 What colour's Stella's pencil? Her pencil's blue.
11 What colour's Xiaohui's handbag? Her handbag's brown.
12 What colour's Sophie 's skirt? Her skirt's yellow.
8.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson15-16自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.Your passports，please.請(qǐng)出示你們的護(hù)照。
請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 3～4課文詳注。
2.Here they are.給您。
本句中的 they指 passports。請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 11～12課文詳注。
3.名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式(1)
英語中可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，指一個(gè)以上的事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般是在單數(shù)名詞后面加上-s，如課文中的friend—friends/frendz/，tourist—tourists/'tu+rists/，case—cases/'keisiz/。請(qǐng)注意-s的不同發(fā)音。如果名詞是以-s結(jié)尾的，變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)則要加-es，如dress—dresses/'dresiz/，blouse—blouses/'blauziz/。
語法 Grammar in use：
1.表示復(fù)數(shù)的-s或-es一般遵循的發(fā)音規(guī)則
(1)如果名詞詞尾的發(fā)音是一個(gè)清輔音(如/f/，/k/，/p/，/t/，/I/;但/s/，/M/，/tM/除外)，-s發(fā)/s/的音，如：
books/buks/ suits/su:ts/
(2)如果名詞詞尾的發(fā)音是一個(gè)濁輔音(如/b/，/d/，/g/，/l/，/m/，/n/，/R/;但/z/，/N/，/DN/除外)或元音，-s發(fā)/z/的音，如：
ties /taiz/ dogs /d&gz/
(3)如果名詞詞尾的發(fā)音是/s/，/z/，/M/，/N/，/tM/或/DN/，-s發(fā)/iz/的音，如：
dresses/'dresz/ blouses/'bluziz/
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.blue adj. (1)藍(lán)色的，蔚藍(lán)的：
The sea is deep blue.
大海呈深藍(lán)色。
He wears a blue tie.
他打一條藍(lán)色的領(lǐng)帶。
(2)沮喪的，憂郁的：
He looks a bit blue.
他看上去有點(diǎn)兒憂郁。
His mood is blue.
他的情緒低落。
2.grey adj. (1)灰色的，偏灰的：
His hat is grey.
他的帽子是灰色的。
(2)頭發(fā)灰白的：
Her hair is grey.
她的頭發(fā)灰白。
(3)面色蒼白的：
Tony looks grey and tired.
托尼面色蒼白，顯得疲憊。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises：
Lesson 16
A
1 It is an English car.
2 It is a Japanese car.
3 It is an Italian car.
4 It is a French car.
5 It is an American car.
6 Robert is not a teacher.
B
1 What colour are your shirts? Our shirts are white.
2 What colour are your coats? Our coats are grey.
3 What colour are your tickets? Our tickets are yellow.
4 What colour are your suits? Our suits are blue.
5 What colour are your hats? Our hats are black and grey.
6 What colour are your passports? Our passports are green.
7 What colour are your umbrellas? Our umbrellas are black.
8 What colour are your handbags? Our handbags are white.
9 What colour are your ties? Our ties are orange.
10 What colour are your dogs? Our dogs are brown and white.
11 What colour are your pens? Our pens are blue.
12 What colour are your cars? Our cars are red.
9.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson17-18自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.How do you do?您好。
這是用于第見面時(shí)的較正式用語。一般用同樣的話來回答。請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 5-6課文詳注。
2.Come and meet our employees…來見見我們的雇員……
這里的and表示目的。請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 13-14中語法部分的解釋。
3.This is Nicola Grey，and this is Claire Taylor.這位是尼古拉·格雷，這位是克萊爾·泰勒。
這是介紹人們彼此認(rèn)識(shí)時(shí)的常用句型。請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 5-6課文詳注。
4.名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式(2)
如果名詞單數(shù)詞尾為-f或-fe(讀作/f/)，則其復(fù)數(shù)一律變?yōu)?ves (讀作/vz/)，即將-f或-fe變成-v，再加-es而成，如 housewife housewives。
語法 Grammar in use：
1.who 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句
Who is…?或 Who are…?這類以疑問詞 who引導(dǎo)的疑問句通常用來詢問人的姓名和身份。Who…?僅指人，可以用來詢問男性、女性、單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的人。
注意這種句型與 What is…?或 What are…?這類句型的區(qū)別：What…?句型主要用來詢問人的類別或職業(yè)。請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 5～6與 Lessons 7～8語法部分的解釋。
2.所有格形容詞與人稱代詞
所有格形容詞their 意為“他們的”，其對(duì)應(yīng)的人稱代詞是they。請(qǐng)參見Lessons 11～12語法部分。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.custom n.風(fēng)俗;習(xí)慣;
When visiting a foreign country, we might find the country's customs strange to us.
當(dāng)我們?nèi)ネ鈬L問時(shí)，我們也許會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)該國的某些風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣有些奇怪。
It is his custom to go for a walk in the evenings.
他慣常在晚上出去散步。
2.customs, Customs n. [復(fù)]海關(guān);征收關(guān)稅的程序：
The spy was stopped at the Customs and questioned.
那個(gè)間諜在海關(guān)被截住并被加以盤問。
How long will it usually take to pass the Customs?
通過海關(guān)檢查通常要花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間?
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises：
Lesson 18
A
1 That man is tall. He is a policeman.
2 Those girls are busy. They are keyboard operators.
3 Our names are Britt and Inge. We are Swedish.
4 Look at our office assistant. He is very hard-working.
5 Look at Nicola. She is very pretty.
6 Michael Baker and Jeremy Short are employees. They are sales reps.
B
1 Are they keyboard operators or air hostesses?
They aren't keyboard operators. They're air hostesses.
2 Are they postmen or policemen?
They aren't postmen. They're policemen.
3 Are they policewomen or nurses?
They aren't policewomen. They're nurses.
4 Are they customs officers or hairdressers?
They aren't customs officers. They're hairdressers.
5 Are they hairdressers or teachers?
They aren't hairdressers. They're teachers.
6 Are they engineers or taxi drivers?
They aren't engineers. They're taxi drivers.
7 Are they policewomen or keyboard operators?
They aren't policewomen. They're keyboard operators.
8 Are they milkmen or engineers?
They aren't milkmen. They're engineers.
9 Are they policemen or milkmen?
They aren't policemen. They're milkmen.
10 Are they nurses or housewives?
They aren't nurses. They're housewives.
10.新概念英語第一冊(cè)Lesson19-20自學(xué)筆記精講解析
1.What's the matter?怎么啦?
相當(dāng)于 What's wrong?或 Tell me what's wrong。這個(gè)句型通常用來詢問發(fā)生了什么事。假如要特別提及某人，可以在后面加上介詞with，如：
What's the matter with you?
你怎么啦?
What's the matter with Claire?
克萊爾怎么啦?
2.Mum，兒語中小孩子對(duì)母親的稱呼。
與此相似，dad是對(duì)父親的兒語稱呼。
3.There's = There is。
它表示“有”、“存在”，為 there + be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)縮略形式。
4.Two ice creams please.
請(qǐng)拿兩份冰淇淋。
相當(dāng)于 Give us two ice creams，please。請(qǐng)參見 Lessons 3-4課文注釋。ice cream是物質(zhì)名詞。物質(zhì)名詞前加不定冠詞 a或基數(shù)詞表示一種、一份、一客、一類、一陣等。
語法 Grammar in use：
1.there +be結(jié)構(gòu)(1)
在說明或詢問人、物等的存在時(shí)即可使用there +be結(jié)構(gòu)。說There's an ice cream man比說An ice cream man is there更合乎習(xí)慣，也更為自然。there +be結(jié)構(gòu)可將重要的新信息置于句末，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的實(shí)際主語是be后面的名詞。因此，假如該名詞是單數(shù)就用is，如是復(fù)數(shù)則為are。
2.人稱代詞與be
英文中系動(dòng)詞be(是)必須根據(jù)不同的人稱代詞作相應(yīng)的變化。請(qǐng)參見Lessons15～16語法部分中有關(guān)be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式的內(nèi)容，包括某些縮略形式，如：they are not =they aren't =they're not，we are not = we aren't =we're not。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study：
1.thirsty adj. (1)渴的，口干的：
We're tired and thirsty. 我們又累又渴。
(2)(土地等)干旱的：
a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地
(3)渴望的，渴求的(for，after)：
The students there are thirsty for knowledge.
那里的學(xué)生有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。
2.matter n. (1)事情，事件：
It's a private matter. 這是件私事。
He's not very interested in financial matters.
他對(duì)財(cái)政方面的事情并不太感興趣。
(2)麻煩事，困難：
What's the matter, Anna? 怎么了，安娜?
What's the matter with Steven? 史蒂文是怎么回事?
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises：
Lesson 20
A
1 Those children are tired.
2 Their mother is tired, too.
3 That ice cream man is very busy.
4 His ice creams are very nice.
5 What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.
6 What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.
B
1 Are the children tired or thirsty?
They're not tired. They're thirsty.
2 Are the postmen cold or hot?
They're not cold. They're hot.
3 Are the hairdressers thin or fat?
They're not thin. They're fat.
4 Are the shoes small or big?
They're not small. They're big.
5 Are the shops shut or open?
They're not shut. They're open.
6 Are his cases heavy or light?
They're not heavy. They're light.
7 Are grandmother and grandfather young or old?
They're not young. They're old.
8 Are their hats old or new?
They're not old. They're new.
9 Are the policemen short or tall?
They're not short. They're tall.
10 Are his trousers short or long?
They're not short. They're long.
